Transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to treat premature ovarian failure

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Abstract

As one of the problems and diseases for women before 40 years, premature ovarian failure (POF) could be characterized by amenorrhea, low estrogen levels, infertility, high gonadotropin levels, and lack of mature follicles. Causes of the disease involve some genetic disorders, autoimmunity diseases, and environmental factors. Various approaches have been employed to treat POF, however with limited success. Today, stem cells are used to treat POF, since they have the potential to self-repair and regenerate, and are effective in treating ovarian failure and infertility. As mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) could simultaneously activate several mechanisms, many researchers consider MSC transplantation to be the best and most effective approach in cell therapy. A good source for mesenchymal stem cells is human umbilical cord (HUCMSC). Animal models with cyclophosphamide are required for stem cell treatment and performance of HUCMSC transplantation. Stem cell therapy could indicate the levels of ovarian markers and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor. It also increases ovarian weight, plasma E2 levels, and the amount of standard follicles. Herein, the causes of POF, effective treatment strategies, and the effect of HUCMSC transplantation for the treatment of premature ovarian failure are reviewed. Many studies have been conducted in this field, and the results have shown that stem cell treatment is an effective approach to treat infertility.

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Concise Review: MSC-Derived Exosomes for Cell-Free Therapy.

Donald Phinney, Mark F. Pittenger (2017)

Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation is undergoing extensive evaluation as a cellular therapy in human clinical trials. Because MSCs are easily isolated and amenable to culture expansion in vitro there is a natural desire to test MSCs in many diverse clinical indications. This is exemplified by the rapidly expanding literature base that includes many in vivo animal models. More recently, MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), which include exosomes and microvesicles (MV), are being examined for their role in MSC-based cellular therapy. These vesicles are involved in cell-to-cell communication, cell signaling, and altering cell or tissue metabolism at short or long distances in the body. The exosomes and MVs can influence tissue responses to injury, infection, and disease. MSC-derived exosomes have a content that includes cytokines and growth factors, signaling lipids, mRNAs, and regulatory miRNAs. To the extent that MSC exosomes can be used for cell-free regenerative medicine, much will depend on the quality, reproducibility, and potency of their production, in the same manner that these parameters dictate the development of cell-based MSC therapies. However, the MSC exosome's contents are not static, but rather a product of the MSC tissue origin, its activities and the immediate intercellular neighbors of the MSCs. As such, the exosome content produced by MSCs appears to be altered when MSCs are cultured with tumor cells or in the in vivo tumor microenvironment. Therefore, careful attention to detail in producing MSC exosomes may provide a new therapeutic paradigm for cell-free MSC-based therapies with decreased risk. Stem Cells 2017;35:851-858.

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Mesenchymal stem cells in the Wharton's jelly of the human umbilical cord.

Hwai-Shi Wang, Shih-Chieh Hung, Shu-Tine Peng … (2004)

The Wharton's jelly of the umbilical cord contains mucoid connective tissue and fibroblast-like cells. Using flow cytometric analysis, we found that mesenchymal cells isolated from the umbilical cord express matrix receptors (CD44, CD105) and integrin markers (CD29, CD51) but not hematopoietic lineage markers (CD34, CD45). Interestingly, these cells also express significant amounts of mesenchymal stem cell markers (SH2, SH3). We therefore investigated the potential of these cells to differentiate into cardiomyocytes by treating them with 5-azacytidine or by culturing them in cardiomyocyte-conditioned medium and found that both sets of conditions resulted in the expression of cardiomyocyte markers, namely N-cadherin and cardiac troponin I. We also showed that these cells have multilineage potential and that, under suitable culture conditions, are able to differentiate into cells of the adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. These findings may have a significant impact on studies of early human cardiac differentiation, functional genomics, pharmacological testing, cell therapy, and tissue engineering by helping to eliminate worrying ethical and technical issues.

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The multi-functional roles of menstrual blood-derived stem cells in regenerative medicine

Lijun Chen, Jingjing Qu, Charlie Xiang (2019)

Menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs) are a novel source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MenSCs are attracting more and more attention since their discovery in 2007. MenSCs also have no moral dilemma and show some unique features of known adult-derived stem cells, which provide an alternative source for the research and application in regenerative medicine. Currently, people are increasingly interested in their clinical potential due to their high proliferation, remarkable versatility, and periodic acquisition in a non-invasive manner with no other sources of MSCs that are comparable in adult tissue. In this review, the plasticity of pluripotent biological characteristics, immunophenotype and function, differentiative potential, and immunomodulatory properties are assessed. Furthermore, we also summarize their therapeutic effects and functional characteristics in various diseases, including liver disease, diabetes, stroke, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, ovarian-related disease, myocardial infarction, Asherman syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease, acute lung injury, cutaneous wound, endometriosis, and neurodegenerative diseases. Subsequently, the clinical potential of MenSCs is investigated. There is a need for a deeper understanding of its immunomodulatory and diagnostic properties with safety concern on a variety of environmental conditions (such as epidemiological backgrounds, age, hormonal status, and pre-contraceptive). In summary, MenSC has a great potential for reducing mortality and improving the quality of life of severe patients. As a kind of adult stem cells, MenSCs have multiple properties in treating a variety of diseases in regenerative medicine for future clinical applications.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Leili Aghebati-Maleki: aghebatil@tbzmed.ac.ir

Mehdi Yousefi: Yousefime@tbzmed.ac.ir

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Stem Cell Res Ther

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Stem Cell Res Ther

Title: Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1757-6512

Publication date (Electronic): 11 August 2021

Publication date PMC-release: 11 August 2021

Publication date Collection: 2021

Volume: 12

Electronic Location Identifier: 454

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.412888.f, ISNI 0000 0001 2174 8913, Stem Cell Research Center, , Tabriz University of Medical Science, ; Tabriz, Iran

[2 ]GRID grid.412888.f, ISNI 0000 0001 2174 8913, Student’s Research Committee, , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, ; Tabriz, Iran

[3 ]GRID grid.412888.f, ISNI 0000 0001 2174 8913, Immunology Research Center, , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, ; Tabriz, Iran

[4 ]GRID grid.412888.f, ISNI 0000 0001 2174 8913, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, ; Tabriz, Iran

Article

Publisher ID: 2529

DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02529-w

PMC ID: 8359553

PubMed ID: 34380572

SO-VID: 6c5b69a4-1116-4cbb-804f-bb0ef760e8fe

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Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 2 May 2021

Date accepted : 2 June 2021

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004366, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences;

Award ID: 65863

Award Recipient : Mehdi Yousefi

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Molecular medicine

Keywords: premature ovarian failure (pof),human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hucmsc),stem cell transplantation

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Molecular medicine

Keywords: premature ovarian failure (pof), human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hucmsc), stem cell transplantation

Transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to treat premature ovarian failure

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Most cited references 172

Concise Review: MSC-Derived Exosomes for Cell-Free Therapy.

Mesenchymal stem cells in the Wharton's jelly of the human umbilical cord.

The multi-functional roles of menstrual blood-derived stem cells in regenerative medicine

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