For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
8
views
29
references
 Top references
cited by
7
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      267
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Effects of alpha-glucosidase-inhibiting drugs on acute postprandial glucose and insulin responses: a systematic review and meta-analysis

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background/objectives

          Despite considerable literature supporting the potential health benefits of reducing postprandial glucose (PPG), and insulin (PPI) exposures, the size of a clinically relevant reduction is currently unknown. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify effects of alpha-glucosidase-inhibiting (AGI) drugs on acute PPG and PPI responses.

          Methods

          We searched EMBASE and MEDLINE until March 13, 2018 for controlled studies using AGI drugs together with a standardized carbohydrate load or mixed meal. The mean incremental PPG and PPI levels were calculated as outcomes. Meta-analyses, stratified by diabetes state, were performed by using random effects models.

          Results

          The 66 included publications comprised 127 drug-control comparisons for PPG, and 106 for PPI, mostly testing acarbose or miglitol. The absolute effects on PPG were larger among individuals with diabetes (−1.5 mmol/l mean PPG [95% CI −1.9, −1.1] by acarbose, and −1.6 [−1.9, −1.4] by miglitol) as compared to individuals without diabetes (−0.4 [95% CI −0.5, −0.3] by acarbose, and −0.6 [−0.8, −0.4] by miglitol). Relative reductions in PPG by both drugs were similar for diabetic and non-diabetic individuals (43−54%). Acarbose and miglitol also significantly reduced mean PPI, with absolute and relative reductions being largest among individuals without diabetes.

          Conclusions

          The present meta-analyses provide quantitative estimates of reductions of PPG and PPI responses by AGI drugs in diabetes and non-diabetic individuals. These data can serve as benchmarks for clinically relevant reductions in PPG and PPI via drug or diet and lifestyle interventions.

          Related collections

          Most cited references29

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Acarbose for prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus: the STOP-NIDDM randomised trial.

          Jean-Louis Chiasson, Robert G Josse, Ramon Gomis … (2002)
          The worldwide increase in type 2 diabetes mellitus is becoming a major health concern. We aimed to assess the effect of acarbose in preventing or delaying conversion of impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes. In a multicentre, placebo-controlled randomised trial, we randomly allocated patients with impaired glucose tolerance to 100 mg acarbose or placebo three times daily. The primary endpoint was development of diabetes on the basis of a yearly oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Analyses were by intention to treat. We randomly allocated 714 patients with impaired glucose tolerance to acarbose and 715 to placebo. We excluded 61 (4%) patients because they did not have impaired glucose tolerance or had no postrandomisation data. 211 (31%) of 682 patients in the acarbose group and 130 (19%) of 686 on placebo discontinued treatment early. 221 (32%) patients randomised to acarbose and 285 (42%) randomised to placebo developed diabetes (relative hazard 0.75 [95% CI 0.63-0.90]; p=0.0015). Furthermore, acarbose significantly increased reversion of impaired glucose tolerance to normal glucose tolerance (p<0.0001). At the end of the study, treatment with placebo for 3 months was associated with an increase in conversion of impaired glucose tolerance to diabetes. The most frequent side-effects to acarbose treatment were flatulence and diarrhoea. Acarbose could be used, either as an alternative or in addition to changes in lifestyle, to delay development of type 2 diabetes in patients with impaired glucose tolerance.
          Article 0 comments Cited 427 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Is nondiabetic hyperglycemia a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? A meta-analysis of prospective studies.

            Emily Levitan, Yiqing Song, Earl S. Ford … (2004)
            Although hyperglycemia increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in diabetic patients, the risk associated with blood glucose levels in the nondiabetic range remains unsettled. We identified 38 reports in which CVD incidence or mortality was an end point, blood glucose levels were measured prospectively, and the relative risk (RR) and information necessary to calculate the variance were reported comparing groups of nondiabetic people. These reports were prospective studies, published in English-language journals. First author, publication year, participant age and sex, study duration, CVD end points, glucose assessment methods, control for confounding, range of blood glucose levels, RR, and confidence intervals (CIs) or P values were extracted. Using a random effects model, we calculated pooled RRs and 95% CIs. The group with the highest postchallenge blood glucose level (midpoint range, 150-194 mg/dL [8.3-10.8 mmol/L]) had a 27% greater risk for CVD compared with the group with the lowest level (midpoint range, 69-107 mg/dL [3.8-5.9 mmol/L]) (RR, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.09-1.48]). The results were similar when combining studies regardless of type of blood glucose assessment (RR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.23-1.52]) and when using strict criteria for exclusion of diabetic subjects (RR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.11-1.43]). Adjustment for CVD risk factors attenuated but did not abolish this relationship (RR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.07-1.32]). The RR was greater in cohorts including women than in cohorts of men (RR, 1.56 vs 1.24 [P = .03]). Blood glucose level is a risk marker for CVD among apparently healthy individuals without diabetes.
            Article 0 comments Cited 175 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              6. Glycemic Targets: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2018.

              (2018)
              The American Diabetes Association (ADA) "Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes" includes ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
              Article 0 comments Cited 138 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Pierre Dussort: publications@ilsieurope.be
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Nutr Diabetes
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Nutr Diabetes
                Title: Nutrition & Diabetes
                Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2044-4052
                Publication date (Electronic): 3 March 2021
                Publication date PMC-release: 3 March 2021
                Publication date Collection: 2021
                Volume: 11
                Electronic Location Identifier: 11
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Former employee of Unilever Research and Development, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands
                [2 ]GRID grid.16872.3a, ISNI 0000 0004 0435 165X, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, , VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, ; Amsterdam, The Netherlands
                [3 ]GRID grid.5012.6, ISNI 0000 0001 0481 6099, Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, , Maastricht University, ; Maastricht, The Netherlands
                [4 ]Former employee of Nestle Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
                [5 ]GRID grid.425211.1, ILSI Europe, ; Brussels, Belgium
                [6 ]Mondēlez International R&D, Nutrition Department, Saclay, France
                [7 ]GRID grid.5475.3, ISNI 0000 0004 0407 4824, Department of Nutritional Sciences, , University of Surrey, ; Guildford, UK
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2496-3464
                Article
                Publisher ID: 152
                DOI: 10.1038/s41387-021-00152-5
                PMC ID: 7930031
                PubMed ID: 33658478
                SO-VID: 6e829286-3647-4a13-a6cc-1df8698f4062
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2021
                License:

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                Date received : 8 May 2019
                Date revision received : 11 June 2020
                Date accepted : 3 February 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2021

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Endocrinology & Diabetes
                Keywords: nutrition,metabolism
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Endocrinology & Diabetes
                Keywords: nutrition, metabolism

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content267

                See all similar

                Cited by7

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors862

                See all reference authors