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      Effect of Microwave Disinfection on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of Dental Stones

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          Abstract

          Background and aims

          Although microwave irradiation has been used for disinfection of dental stone casts, there are concerns regarding mechanical damage to casts during the process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of microwave irradiation on the compressive strength (CS) and diametral tensile strength (DTS) of stone casts.

          Materials and methods

          In this in vitro study, 80 cylindrical type III and IV stone models (20 × 40 mm) were prepared and divided into 8 groups of 10. The DTS and CS of the specimens were measured by a mechanical testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 cm/min after 7 times of frequent wetting, irradiating at an energy level of 600 W for 3 minutes and cooling. Data were analyzed by Student’s t-test.

          Results

          Microwave irradiation significantly increased DTS of type III and IV to 5.23 ± 0.64 and 8.17 ± 0.94, respectively (P < 0.01).

          Conclusion

          According to the results, microwave disinfection increases DTS of type III and IV stone casts without any effects on their CS.

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          Guidelines for infection control in dental health-care settings--2003.

          William Kohn, Amy Collins, Jennifer L. Cleveland … (2003)
          This report consolidates previous recommendations and adds new ones for infection control in dental settings. Recommendations are provided regarding 1) educating and protecting dental health-care personnel; 2) preventing transmission of bloodborne pathogens; 3) hand hygiene; 4) personal protective equipment; 5) contact dermatitis and latex hypersensitivity; 6) sterilization and disinfection of patient-care items; 7) environmental infection control; 8) dental unit waterlines, biofilm, and water quality; and 9) special considerations (e.g., dental handpieces and other devices, radiology, parenteral medications, oral surgical procedures, and dental laboratories). These recommendations were developed in collaboration with and after review by authorities on infection control from CDC and other public agencies, academia, and private and professional organizations.
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            Gypsum casts as a potential source of microbial cross-contamination.

            R Leung, S Schonfeld (1983)
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              An analysis of the persistent presence of opportunistic pathogens on patient-derived dental impressions and gypsum casts.

              Hiroshi Egusa, Takao Watamoto, Keike Abe … (2015)
              This study aimed to assess the persistent presence of microorganisms on patient-derived dental impressions and gypsum casts, while highlighting important human pathogens such as Candida, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The practices and opinions regarding cross-infection control from 59 general dentists in Japan were obtained via a questionnaire. Alginate impressions were made from 56 patients. Using a brain heart infusion agar medium, impression and imprint cultures were carried out to visualize the microbial contamination on the surfaces of the impressions and gypsum casts, respectively. The colonies on the surfaces of the 30 impression cultures and 26 imprint cultures were collected by swabbing and then inoculated onto selective agar plates to detect streptococci, staphylococci, Candida, MRSA, and P aeruginosa. The questionnaire showed that only 54% of general dentists had a cross-infection policy in their dental clinics, and only 30% to 40% were aware of the possible persistence of MRSA or P aeruginosa on impressions and gypsum casts. The impression/imprint cultures grew a large number of visible bacterial colonies on all of impression/gypsum cast samples investigated. Selective agar cultures demonstrated the presence of streptococci (100, 100%), staphylococci (56.7, 65.4%), Candida (30, 46.2%), MRSA (26.7, 15.4%), and P aeruginosa (6.7, 7.7%) on the impressions and the gypsum casts, respectively. This investigation showed that patient-derived dental impressions and gypsum casts are contaminated with numerous microbes, including Candida, MRSA, and P aeruginosa, which are known pathogens responsible for nosocomial and/or life-threatening infection in the immunocompromised host.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects
                Title: Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects
                Publisher: Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
                ISSN (Print): 2008-210X
                ISSN (Electronic): 2008-2118
                Publication date (Print): Winter 2013
                Publication date (Electronic): 21 February 2013
                Volume: 7
                Issue: 1
                Pages: 42-46
                Affiliations
                1Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
                2Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
                3Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
                4Undergraduate Student, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding Author; soranaminifar@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                DOI: 10.5681/joddd.2013.007
                PMC ID: 3593204
                PubMed ID: 23487305
                SO-VID: 7081f986-4899-4f9d-921b-7c292f902d08
                Copyright © © 2013 The Authors; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 2 August 2012
                Date accepted : 25 December 2012
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: compressive strength,dental stone casts,microwave disinfection,tensile strength
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: compressive strength, dental stone casts, microwave disinfection, tensile strength

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