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      Caracterización de la salud bucodental en gestantes del Área II del municipio Cienfuegos Translated title: Characterization of oral health in pregnant women in Area II of Cienfuegos municipality

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          Abstract

          Fundamento: las alteraciones del estado de salud bucodental que aparecen durante el embarazo son de interés para muchos investigadores y profesionales. Objetivo: caracterizar la situación de salud bucodental en embarazadas. Métodos: estudio descriptivo realizado en el Área II de Cienfuegos, que incluyó 128 pacientes embarazadas, seleccionadas por muestreo aleatorio simple, atendidas en la Clínica de Especialidades desde septiembre de 2013 a septiembre de 2014. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, nivel educacional, nivel socioeconómico, factores de riesgo y salud bucodental. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de la entrevista personal y análisis de documentos como historia clínica individual y encuestas de salud bucodental. Resultados: las edades de las gestantes estudiadas oscilaron entre 20 y 34 años de edad; las enfermedades bucodentales que prevalecieron fueron la caries dental (60,2 %) y la enfermedad gingival inflamatoria crónica edematosa (11,9 %); los factores de riesgo que más se presentaron fueron antecedentes de caries (95,3 %) e higiene bucal deficiente (60,9 %). Las gestantes con nivel superior o con buen nivel socioeconómico presentaron mejor estado de salud. Conclusiones: se evidenció una asociación directamente proporcional entre los niveles educacionales y socioeconómicos con el estado de salud bucodental en las gestantes, así como deterioro gradual de la salud oral a medida que avanza la edad.

          Translated abstract

          Foundation: Changes in oral health state which appear during pregnancy are of interest to many researchers and practitioners. Objective: To characterize the oral health situation in pregnant women. Methods: It is a descriptive study carried out in Area II of Cienfuegos, which included 128 pregnant patients, selected by simple random sampling, attended at the Specialty Clinic from September 2013 to September 2014. The variables studied were: age, educational level, socioeconomic level, Risk factors and oral health. The data were obtained from personal interview and documentary analysis such as individual clinical history and oral health surveys. Results: The ages of studied pregnant women ranged from 20 to 34 years of age; Dental caries (60.2%) and chronic oedematous inflammatory gum disease (11.9%) were the predominant oral diseases; The frequently presented most risk factors were a history of caries (95.3%) and poor oral hygiene (60.9%). Pregnant women with a higher level or with a good socioeconomic level presented better health status. Conclusions: a direct proportional association between the educational and socioeconomic levels with oral health status in pregnant women was evidenced, as well as gradual deterioration of oral health as the age advances.

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          The oral health status, practices and knowledge of pregnant women in south-western Sydney.

          Current evidence highlights the importance of oral health during pregnancy. However, little is known about the oral health of pregnant women in Australia. The aim of this study was to report the oral health status, knowledge and practices of pregnant women in south-western Sydney. A cross-sectional survey of 241 pregnant women attending a large hospital in south-western Sydney. More than half (59.3%) reported dental problems during pregnancy, less than a third (30.5%) saw a dentist in the last six months, only 10% had received any information about perinatal oral health and many (>50%) were unaware of the potential impact of poor maternal oral health on pregnancy and infant outcomes. Analysis revealed a significant difference (<0.05) in the uptake of dental services among pregnant women who had higher household incomes, private health insurance, received information about perinatal oral health and knowledge about maternal oral health. The participants reported significant barriers to obtaining dental care including limited access to affordable dental services and lack of awareness about the importance of maternal oral health. The findings suggest the need for preventive strategies involving dentists and antenatal providers to improve maternal oral health in Australia. © 2013 Australian Dental Association.
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            Effect of pregnancy on gingival inflammation in systemically healthy women: a systematic review.

            To obtain an overall quantitative estimate of the association between pregnancy and gingival inflammation. Medline and EMBASE databases were searched through August 2011. Prospective cohort or cross-sectional studies assessing the effect of pregnancy on gingival inflammation evaluated by the gingival index (GI) and/or bleeding on probing were included. Meta-analyses were performed if possible. Forty-four articles representing 33 studies (14 cohort and 19 cross-sectional) were included. Meta-analyses, performed whenever possible, revealed (1) a significantly lower GI in pregnant women in the first term compared with those in their second or third term of pregnancy; (2) a lower mean GI score in post-partum women compared with women in their second [WMD = 0.143; 95% CI (0.031; 0.255); p = 0.012] or third term [WMD = 0.256; 95% CI (0.151; 0.360); p < 0.001] of pregnancy, when considering cohort studies; (3) Non-pregnant women had lower mean GI values than women in their second or third term of pregnancy. Small changes in plaque levels were reported. Despite the limited number of studies included in the meta-analyses, the present systematic review confirms the existence of a significant increase in GI throughout pregnancy and between pregnant versus post-partum or non-pregnant women, without a concomitant increase in plaque levels. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
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              Adverse pregnancy outcomes and periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis exploring potential association.

              The correlation between periodontal status and systemic conditions, among them pregnancy, is widely described in the scientific literature. The aim of the present systematic review of the literature was to evaluate periodontal diseases as an independent risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ms
                MediSur
                Medisur
                Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Cienfuegos, Centro Provincial de Ciencias Médicas Provincia de Cienfuegos. (Cienfuegos, , Cuba )
                1727-897X
                October 2017
                : 629-639
                Affiliations
                [01] Quito orgnameUniversidad Internacional del Ecuador orgdiv1Escuela de Odontología Ecuador
                [02] Cienfuegos orgnameHospital General Universitario Gustavo Aldereguía Lima Cuba
                [03] Cienfuegos orgnameClínica Estomatológica de Especialidades Cuba
                Article
                S1727-897X2017000500008
                71853410-0ecf-4546-b135-f255a01aeaa0

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 08 September 2016
                : 07 September 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 29, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Cuba


                pregnancy,salud bucal,embarazo,oral health
                pregnancy, salud bucal, embarazo, oral health

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