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      Caracterización sociodemográfica de adolescentes que tuvieron acceso a las prestaciones vinculadas con la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo por violación. Chile: 2018 - 2020 Translated title: Sociodemographic characterization of adolescents who accessed to services related to voluntary termination of pregnancy due to rape. Chile: 2018 - 2020

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          Abstract

          Resumen: La causal 3 de la Ley 21.030 autoriza interrumpir el embarazo por violación, mediando la voluntad de la mujer, estableciendo un límite en la edad gestacional de 14 semanas en menores de 14 años y 12 semanas en mayores de 14 años. Objetivo: Describir en el período 2018-2020 las principales variables sociodemográficas y otras vinculadas con la causal 3 en menores de 14 años, adolescentes de 14 años o más y menores de 18 años y mujeres de 18 años o más. Pacientes y Método: Diseño transversal, descriptivo y poblacional. Datos nacionales obtenidos del registro oficial del Ministerio de Salud y por Ley de Transparencia. Se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central (Mediana), de dispersión (Rango Intercuartílico), frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes. Resultados: El 31,6% de las mujeres con embarazo por violación eran menores de 18 años. Las menores de 14 viven principalmente en regiones, presentan mayor edad gestacional al constituir causal y deciden continuar el embarazo en un 31,2%. Las adolescentes de 14 años o más y menores de 18 años presentan mayor índice de pobreza multidimensional. Las mujeres de 18 años o más, concentran mayor frecuencia de extranjeras, mayor residencia en la Región Metropolitana y mayoritariamente deciden interrumpir la gestación. El 57,4% de quienes denunciaron y el 11,1% que no logró constituir causal eran menores de 18 años. Conclusiones: La violencia sexual es un problema de salud pública. El embarazo por violación en adolescentes constituye una realidad social. Debe existir evaluación y seguimiento permanente de la implementación de la Ley 21.030, garantizando el acceso oportuno, eficiente y sin discriminación a las prestaciones.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: Ground N°3 of Law 21,030 allows for the termination of a pregnancy due to rape, with the woman’s consent, establishing a gestational age limit of 14 weeks for adolescents under 14 years of age and 12 weeks for those over 14 years of age. Objective: To describe, between the period 2018-2020, the main sociodemographic and other variables linked to ground N°3 in minors under 14 years, adolescents aged 14 years or older and under 18 years, and women aged 18 years or older. Patients and Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive, and population-based design. National data was obtained from the official registry of the Ministry of Health and through the Transparency Law. Measures of central tendency (median), dispersion (interquartile range), absolute frequencies, and percentages were used. Results: 31.6% of the women with rape-related pregnancies were under 18 years of age. Women under 14 lived mainly in the regions of the country, had a higher gestational age at the time of the ground factor, and 31.2% decided to continue the pregnancy. Adolescents aged 14 or older and under 18, had a higher multidimensional poverty index. Women aged 18 or older were most frequently foreigners, lived mainly in the Metropolitan Region, and decided to terminate the pregnancy. 57.4% of those who reported the rape and 11.1% who failed to establish the ground were under 18. Conclusions: Sexual violence is a public health problem. Pregnancy due to rape in adolescents is a social reality. There should be permanent evaluation and monitoring of the implementation of Law 21,030, guaranteeing timely, efficient, and nondiscriminatory access to benefits.

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          Counting and multidimensional poverty measurement

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            Evidence supporting broader access to safe legal abortion.

            Unsafe abortion continues to be a major cause of maternal death; it accounts for 14.5% of all maternal deaths globally and almost all of these deaths occur in countries with restrictive abortion laws. A strong body of accumulated evidence shows that the simple means to drastically reduce unsafe abortion-related maternal deaths and morbidity is to make abortion legal and institutional termination of pregnancy broadly accessible. Despite this evidence, abortion is denied even when the legal condition for abortion is met. The present article aims to contribute to a better understanding that one can be in favor of greater access to safe abortion services, while at the same time not be "in favor of abortion," by reviewing the evidence that indicates that criminalization of abortion only increases mortality and morbidity without decreasing the incidence of induced abortion, and that decriminalization rapidly reduces abortion-related mortality and does not increase abortion rates.
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              Violence against women prevalence estimates, 2018: Global, regional and national prevalence estimates for intimate partner violence against women and global and regional prevalence estimates for non-partner sexual violence against women

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                andesped
                Andes pediatrica
                Andes pediatr.
                Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría. (Santiago, , Chile )
                2452-6053
                October 2023
                : 94
                : 5
                : 628-637
                Affiliations
                [7] orgname Chile
                [3] Santiago orgnameHospital La Florida, Dra. Eloísa Díaz Chile
                [9] orgname Chile
                [2] Santiago Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Enfermería Chile
                [8] orgname Chile
                [6] orgname Chile
                [1] Santiago Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Chile
                [5] Santiago Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad Alberto Hurtado orgdiv1Facultad de Derecho orgdiv2Departamento Ciencias del Derecho Chile
                [4] Santiago Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad Diego Portales orgdiv1Facultad de Derecho Chile
                Article
                S2452-60532023000500628 S2452-6053(23)09400500628
                10.32641/andespediatr.v94i5.4629
                75e03d71-7743-4f2d-b692-fd27d7758381

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 December 2022
                : 21 April 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 34, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                Artículos originales

                Pregnancy,Adolescencia,Aborto,Embarazo,Violación,Delitos Sexuales,Derechos Sexuales y Reproductivos,Adolescence,Abortion,Rape,Sexual Crimes,Sexual and Reproductive Rights

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