Nutrition status of primary and middle school students in poor rural areas of Ningxia during 2013 to 2017

Abstract

Objective To investigate the nutritional status of the rural compulsory education students from “Rural Compulsory Education Students Nutrition Improvement Program” (hereinafter referred to “plan”) in Ningxia, to provide a scientific basis for future targeted nutrition education and interventions.

Methods The survey was conducted in 27 732 students aged 6 to 15 years selected by stratified samplings in 7 counties of Ningxia.

Results In the 5 years of the “plan” implementation, trend in decreasing malnutrition rates across the 5 years (18.16%, 18.77%, 17.08%, 14.38%, 14.93%), with statistically significant difference ( Chi-square for trend was 47.02, P<0.01). Overnutrition rate significantly increased (5.21%, 4.89%, 5.51%, 5.68%, 6.83%, Chi-square for trend was 6.66, P<0.01).

Conclusion Improved nutritional status of rural primary and middle school students in Ningxia has been observed, Co-occurring of malnutrition in boys and overnutrition requires further attention.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解宁夏 2013—2017 年实施“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划” (以下简称“计划”)的集中连片贫困地 区中小学生营养状况, 为有针对性地开展营养教育和持续推进“计划”提供参考依据。 方法 采用随机抽样的原则, 在 2013—2017 年实施“计划”的宁夏 7 个县 (区)中, 抽取 6~15 岁学生共 27 732 人次, 进行营养状况评估。 结果 “计划”实 施 5 年间, 各年龄段学生的营养不良率分别为 18.16%, 18.77%, 17.08%, 14.38%, 14.93%, 呈现下降趋势, 差异有统计学意 义 (χ _趋势 ²=47.02, P<0.01)。12~15 岁年龄段 5 年间营养过剩检出情况分别为 5.21%, 4.89%, 5.51%, 5.68%, 6.83%, 呈现上 升趋势, 差异有统计学意义χ _趋势 ²=6.66, P<0.01)。 结论 “计划”实施期间宁夏农村中小学生营养不良的发生情况处于持 续改进中, 男生营养不良和营养过剩情况相对严重, 需要给予特殊关注。