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      Movilidad y dieta en el valle de El Mauro (31° 57’ S. - 71° 01’ W.), Norte Semiárido de Chile, entre 8350-929 CAL. AP Translated title: Mobility and diet in the valley of El Mauro (31° 57’ S. - 71° 01’ W.), Semiarid North of Chile, between 8350-929 CAL. AP

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          Abstract

          El valle de El Mauro se localiza a 40 km del Océano Pacífico (1000 msnm) en el extremo meridional del Norte Semiárido de Chile. Para contribuir al conocimiento de la movilidad y dieta prehispánica en el valle se analizó el radiocarbono y los isótopos de estroncio (87Sr/86Sr), oxígeno (δ¹13O), nitrógeno (δ¹13N) y carbono (δ13C) de 21 individuos y un entierro múltiple (NMI=3).Los datos indican el arribo esporádico de individuos de origen y/o hábitat costeros entre 8350-3000 cal. AP. Posterior a 3000 cal. AP las inhumaciones se hicieron frecuentes, ya no de foráneos sino de individuos locales. Poco después de 2000 cal. AP y hasta 900 cal. AP las inhumaciones siguieron siendo frecuentes, también de individuos locales. En toda la secuencia temporal (8350-929 cal. AP) se consumieron eminentemente recursos terrestres/locales del valle. La carne terrestre fue parte de la dieta hasta ca. 2000 cal. AP. Luego se detectaron dos grupos: uno que mantuvo dietas que incorporaban carne y otro prácticamente vegetariano. En toda la secuencia se observó un consumo puro o preferente de plantas C3, pero después de ca. 2000 cal. AP se detectó la incorporación de plantas C4 o CAM en el grupo con dieta vegetariana.

          Translated abstract

          The valley of El Mauro is located 40 km from the Pacific Ocean (1000 masl) in the southern end of the Semiarid North of Chile. In order to contribute to the knowledge about the prehispanic mobility and diet in the valley, the radiocarbon and isotopes of strontium (87Sr/86Sr), oxygen (δ¹13O), nitrogen (δ¹13N) and carbon (δ 13C) of 21 individuals and one multiple burial were analyzed. The results indicate the sporadic arrival of individuals of coastal origin/habitat between 8350-3000 cal. BP. After 3000 cal. BP the burials become frequent and only locals individuals were interred them. From 2000 cal. BP and to 900 cal. BP, the burials are still frequent, and also composed by local individuals. During the entire temporal sequence (8350-929 cal. AP) the diet was composed mainly of terrestrial/local resources. Meat from terrestrial origin was part of the diet until ca. 2000 cal. BP. Then, two groups were identified: one that maintained diets incorporating meat and other practically vegetarian. In the entire temporal sequence, the consumption of mainly C3 plants is observed, but after ca. 2000 cal. BP the incorporation of C4 or CAM plants in the group with vegetarian diet is observed.

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          Age estimation from the auricular surface of the ilium: a revised method.

          A revised method for estimating adult age at death using the auricular surface of the ilium has been developed. It is based on the existing auricular surface aging method of Lovejoy et al. ([1985] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 68:15-28), but the revised technique is easier to apply, and has low levels of inter- and intraobserver error. The new method records age-related stages for different features of the auricular surface, which are then combined to provide a composite score from which an estimate of age at death is obtained. Blind tests of the method were carried out on a known-age skeletal collection from Christ Church, Spitalfields, London. These tests showed that the dispersion of age at death for a given morphological stage was large, particularly after the first decade of adult life. Statistical analysis showed that the age-related changes in auricular surface are not significantly different for males and females. The scores from the revised method have a slightly higher correlation with age than do the Suchey-Brooks pubic symphysis stages. Considering the higher survival rates of the auricular surface compared with the pubic symphysis, this method promises to be useful for biological anthropology and forensic science. Copyright 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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            Palynological Evidence for Increased Aridity on the Central Chilean Coast during the Holocene

            The late Quaternary vegetation of the semiarid coast of central Chile is inferred from the palynological analysis of profiles from Quereo (31°55′S) and Quintero (32°47′S). Prior to 11,400 yr B.P., wet conditions are suggested by the abundance of pollen indicators of swamp and aquatic taxa, such as Cyperaceae and Myriophyllum , and by the presence of traces of arboreal pollen. Since ca. 10,000 yr B.P., a trend toward increasingly drier conditions is implied by the almost complete absence of arboreal and aquatic taxa, and a general decrease in the diversity of the semiarid shrubland indicators. From 3000 yr B.P. onward, the pollen records show the reappearance of swamp and aquatic taxa, presumably associated with wetter conditions, which led to recolonization by forest taxa at 1720 yr B.P. in Quintero. The drier climate detected along the semiarid coast of central Chile during most of the Holocene extended inland to the Andean foot-hills, within the present mediterranean-type climate zone of Chile, and also affected the distribution of the winter-deciduous Nothofagus forests and the northern boundary of the temperate rain forests.
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              Identifying immigrants to Tikal, Guatemala: Defining local variability in strontium isotope ratios of human tooth enamel

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                come
                Comechingonia
                Comechingonia
                AREA DE ETNOHISTORIA Y ARQUEOLOGÍA; C.E.H. PROF. CARLOS S.A. SEGRETI - U.A. CONICET (Córdoba, , Argentina )
                1851-0027
                June 2016
                : 20
                : 1
                : 51-79
                Affiliations
                [02] Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad de Chile Chile
                [01] orgnameConvenio Universidad de Chile-Minera Los Pelambres orgdiv1Área de Bioantropología del Proyecto de Análisis Rescate Arqueológico Valle de El Mauro
                [03] Durham orgnameDurham University orgdiv1Department of Archaeology orgdiv2Bioarchaeology Research Group United Kingdom
                Article
                S1851-00272016000100003
                76fe7f87-1a3a-44b3-a550-65b9a21a2959

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 07 June 2016
                : 24 June 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 52, Pages: 29
                Product

                SciELO Argentina


                Isótopos estables,Restos humanos,Estroncio,Oxígeno,Stable isotopes,Human remains,Strontium,Oxygen

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