12
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      MicroRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer Translated title: Los microARN como biomarcadores y blancos terapéuticos en cáncer

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Malignant tumors rank as the first cause of death mortality and potentially lost years of life in Cuba and many other countries where millions of people die each year because of cancer. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of cancer is a health issue worldwide. Malignant tumors are traditionally classified and treated according to clinical and pathological variables which are currently insufficient to reflect each patient’s molecular features. Consequently, there is a need to find new individual biomarkers and therapeutic targets that could complement current clinical-pathological variables and become a guide for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Advances in understanding the biology of cancer as well as the development of more powerful gene analysis tools create new clinical perspectives to find such biomarkers and targets. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) belong to a class of non-coding RNA with post-transcription regulation of gene expression. Their expression is aberrant in cancer where they could function either as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, being used as diagnostic, prognostic or predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Since, research on miRNA is a key issue for oncologists and researchers, in this review we provide a description of their biogenesis, mechanism of action and recent findings, supporting their use in cancer, either as biomarkers or therapeutic targets.

          Translated abstract

          Los tumores malignos son la primera causa de muerte temprana de millones de personas en Cuba y otros países, por lo que el diagnóstico y tratamiento del cáncer es un problema de salud mundial. Tradicionalmente, estos tumores se clasifican y tratan según variables clínico-patológicas un tanto imprecisas todavía, pues no reflejan las particularidades moleculares de cada paciente. En este sentido, es preciso encontrar otros biomarcadores individuales y blancos terapéuticos que complementen esas variables y guíen el diagnóstico de los pacientes, su pronóstico y tratamiento. Los avances en el conocimiento de la biología del cáncer y el desarrollo de herramientas para los análisis genómicos, constituyen perspectivas clínicas para el descubrimiento de estos biomarcadores. Los microARN (miARN) son un tipo de ARN no codificante que provocan la regulación postranscripcional de la expresión génica. Su expresión en el cáncer está alterada, y podrían funcionar como oncogenes o supresores de tumores, por lo que se utilizan como biomarcadores diagnósticos, pronósticos, predictivos y blancos terapéuticos. Teniendo en cuenta la importancia de este tema para oncólogos e investigadores, se describen la biogénesis de los miARN, su mecanismo de acción y los avances en el estudio como biomarcadores o dianas terapéuticas en el cáncer.

          Related collections

          Most cited references76

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          MicroRNAs: target recognition and regulatory functions.

          MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous approximately 23 nt RNAs that play important gene-regulatory roles in animals and plants by pairing to the mRNAs of protein-coding genes to direct their posttranscriptional repression. This review outlines the current understanding of miRNA target recognition in animals and discusses the widespread impact of miRNAs on both the expression and evolution of protein-coding genes.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              An abundant class of tiny RNAs with probable regulatory roles in Caenorhabditis elegans.

              Two small temporal RNAs (stRNAs), lin-4 and let-7, control developmental timing in Caenorhabditis elegans. We find that these two regulatory RNAs are members of a large class of 21- to 24-nucleotide noncoding RNAs, called microRNAs (miRNAs). We report on 55 previously unknown miRNAs in C. elegans. The miRNAs have diverse expression patterns during development: a let-7 paralog is temporally coexpressed with let-7; miRNAs encoded in a single genomic cluster are coexpressed during embryogenesis; and still other miRNAs are expressed constitutively throughout development. Potential orthologs of several of these miRNA genes were identified in Drosophila and human genomes. The abundance of these tiny RNAs, their expression patterns, and their evolutionary conservation imply that, as a class, miRNAs have broad regulatory functions in animals.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                bta
                Biotecnología Aplicada
                Biotecnol Apl
                Editorial Elfos Scientiae (La Habana, , Cuba )
                1027-2852
                June 2014
                : 31
                : 2
                : 87-92
                Affiliations
                [01] La Habana orgnameInstituto Nacional de Oncología y Radiobiología, INOR Cuba alexmoro@ 123456infomed.sld.cu
                Article
                S1027-28522014000200001 S1027-2852(14)03100201
                77fc0bdf-f648-4a55-ac47-57977a4a2545

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : October 2013
                : March 2014
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 74, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Self URI: Full text available only in PDF format (EN)
                Categories
                REVIEW

                oncología personalizada,biomarkers,cancer,therapeutic molecular targets,personalized oncology,miARN,biomarcadores,cáncer,blancos moleculares terapéuticos,miRNA

                Comments

                Comment on this article