Analysis of contraindication detection of radiation workers in a city during a five-year period

Abstract

Objective To analysis contraindication detection of radiological workers and explore thevariation trend.

Methods Occupational health examination data of radiological workers were selected from 2014 to 2018. Contraindications were identified according to the criteria, and the detection rates and trends were described in each statistical dimension.

Results A total of 17 197 cases were selected. Among them 74 patients were found contraindication and the detection rate is 0.43%. The major abnormalities were in thyroid gland and crystalline lens; The detection rate of female is higher than that of male (χ ² = 25.24, P < 0.01); High age andhigh working age groups showed a higherrate of contraindication detection; The abnormal rate of contraindication increased with the age; The risk of > 30 working years group is 2.541 times that of 1~5 working years group (95% CI: 1.32~4.88). The abnormal rate of thyroid grand was increased year by year, and the trend test showed statistical significance (χ ² = 3.87, P < 0.05).

Conclusion Low dose ionizing radiation has a great effect on thyroid gland and crystalline lens of radiation workers, whichhigh age and high working years group should be pay attention to. The contents of occupational health monitoring should be further regulated to safeguard the health of radiation workers so that we can discover the possible health effects and take intervention earlier.

Abstract

摘要：目的 对在岗放射工作人员禁忌证检出情况进行分析, 并探讨其变化趋势。 方法 选取 2014—2018 年 5 年间 在岗放射工作人员职业健康检查数据个案, 依据禁忌证判定标准进行识别, 描述各统计维度间的禁忌证检出率及变化 趋势。 结果 共收集个案数据 17 197 份, 检查发现存在禁忌证 74 人, 检出率为 0.43%, 且主要集中在甲状腺、眼晶状 体项目异常;女性检出率高于男性 (χ ² = 4.46, P = 0.04); 高龄、高工龄组禁忌证检出率最高;随着年龄增高, 禁忌证检出 率呈现上升趋势; > 30 年工龄组禁忌证检出的风险是 1~5 年工龄组的 2.54 倍 (95% CI: 1.32~4.88); 随着时间增长, 甲状腺异常检出率逐年递增, 差异有统计学意义 (趋势性 χ ² = 3.87, P < 0.05)。 结论 低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员 的甲状腺、眼晶状体影响较大, 高龄、高工龄组应受到重点关注, 并进一步规范职业健康监护内容以保障放射工作人员 的健康, 及早发现可能带来的健康影响并进行早期干预。