Correlação entre o estresse do cuidador e as características clínicas do paciente portador de demência

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Abstract

OBJETIVOS: Relacionar estresse dos cuidadores de pacientes dementes com características dos pacientes e cuidadores. MÉTODOS: Análise de prontuários. Variáveis do paciente: sóciodemográficas, comorbidades, medicamentos (atual e prévio), tempo de história e diagnóstico, tipo da demência e gravidade (cognitiva e funcional), sintomas neuropsiquiátricos e comportamentais. Variáveis do cuidador: sóciodemográficas, vínculo com paciente, tempo de cuidado e se residia com paciente. Sobrecarga avaliada pelo questionário de Zarit. RESULTADOS: Sessenta e sete pacientes (76,8 anos (± 6,2), 53,7% mulheres). Oitenta e dois por cento dos cuidadores são mulheres. Relação direta entre estresse e sintomas comportamentais (p<0,001), prejuízo funcional (p=0,003), tempo de história (p=0,016) e de cuidado (p<0,001), diagnóstico prévio (p=0,016) e fato de residir com paciente (p=0,002). Pontuações nos testes cognitivos (Mini Mental e CAMCOG) inversamente proporcionais à sobrecarga (p=0,005 e p=0,023). Cuidadores negros apresentaram menor estresse (p=0,012). CONCLUSÃO: Relacionou-se o estresse aos sintomas neuropsiquiátricos e comportamentais, comprometimento funcional e cognitivo, e tempo de história, cuidado e convivência. Encontrada menor sobrecarga em cuidadores negros.

Translated abstract

OBJECTIVE: To verify the correlation between caregiver burden in dementia and characteristics of patients and caregivers. METHODS: Analysis of medical records. Patient data: socio-demographic characteristics, comorbidities, medications (previous and current), onset of diagnosis and symptoms, type of dementia and severity (cognitive impairment and functional abilities), behavioral disorders. Caregiver data: socio-demographic characteristics, kinship, duration of caregiving and co-residency with the patient. Caregiver burden assessed by the Zarit interview. RESULTS: Sixty seven patients (76.8 years (± 6.2), 53.7% women) and 82% female caregivers were surveyed. Correlation between burden and behavior disorders (p<0.001), dependencies (p=0.003), onset of symptoms (p=0.016) and of caregiving (p<0.001), previous diagnosis (p=0.016) and co-residency (p=0.002) was studied. Cognitive test scores (Mini Mental and CAMCOG) were inversely proportional to distress (p=0.005 and p=0.023). Black caregivers demonstrated lower levels of stress (p=0.012). CONCLUSION: Burden was associated with behavioral disorders, dependencies, cognitive impairment, and onset of symptoms, caregiving and co-residency. Black caregivers demonstrated lower levels of stress.

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Brazilian version of the Burden Interview scale for the assessment of burden of care in carers of people with mental illnesses

Marcia Scazufca (2002)

INTRODUCTION: Burden on informal carers of people with mental or physical illnesses has been studied for a long time. Several standardized instruments for the assessment of carer's burden have been developed. The Burden Interview is one of the most frequently used instruments. The aim of the present study is to examine the internal consistency and validity of the Brazilian version of the Burden Interview, designed to examine the burden in carers of individuals with mental illnesses. METHODS: Carers of patients with a diagnosis of depression, aged 60 or over, were assessed for burden (Burden Interview), emotional distress (SRQ-20) and their perception of patients' behavioral and mood disturbances (Behavioral and Mood Disturbance Scale - BMD). Socio-demographic information of patients and carers was collected with a standardized form. The reliability of the Burden Interview was assessed through its internal consistency. Construct validity was assessed through the exam of the associations of carers' burden with their perception of patients' behavioral and mood disturbances, and the carers' burden with carers' distress. RESULTS: Eighty-two carers of elderly patients with depression were included, being forty-eight (58,5%) women. The internal consistency was good, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.87. The associations between total scores of the Burden Interview and total scores of the SRQ-20 (r=0.37, p=0.001), and between total scores of the Burden Interview with total scores of BMD (r=0.54, p=0.001) were strong, and similar to other studies that examined those associations, indicating a good construct validity of the Brazilian version of the Burden Interview. DISCUSSION: The Brazilian version of the Burden Interview is a standardized and valid instrument that can be used in the study of the impact of mental and physical illnesses on informal carers.