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Is low magnesium concentration a risk factor for coronary heart disease? The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
September 1998
September 1998
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Abstract
Hypomagnesemia has been hypothesized to play a role in coronary heart disease (CHD),
but few prospective epidemiologic studies have been conducted.
We examined the relation of serum and dietary magnesium with CHD incidence in a sample
of middle-aged adults (n=13,922 free of baseline CHD) from 4 US communities. Over
4 to 7 years of follow-up, 223 men and 96 women had CHD develop. After adjustment
for sociodemographic characteristics, waist/hip ratio, smoking, alcohol consumption,
sports participation, use of diuretics, fibrinogen, total and high-density lipoprotein
cholesterol levels, triglyceride levels, and hormone replacement therapy, the relative
risk of CHD across quartiles of serum magnesium was 1.00, 0.92, 0.48, and 0.44 (P
for trend=0.009) among women and 1.00, 1.32, 0.95, and 0.73 (P for trend=0.07) among
men. The adjusted relative risk of CHD for the highest versus the lowest quartile
of dietary magnesium was 0.69 in men (95% confidence interval 0.45 to 1.05) and 1.32
in women (0.68 to 2.55).
These findings suggest that low magnesium concentration may contribute to the pathogenesis
of coronary atherosclerosis or acute thrombosis.