Long-term inorganic nitrate administration protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in female rats

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Background

The favorable effects of nitrate against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) have primarily focused on male rats and in short term. Here we determine the impact of long-term nitrate intervention on baseline cardiac function and the resistance to MIRI in female rats.

Methods

Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into untreated and nitrate-treated (100 mg/L sodium nitrate in drinking water for 9 months) groups (n = 14/group). At intervention end, levels of serum progesterone, nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), heart NOx concentration, and mRNA expressions of NO synthase isoforms (NOS), i.e., endothelial (eNOS), neuronal (nNOS), and inducible (iNOS), were measured. Isolated hearts were exposed to ischemia, and cardiac function indices (CFI) recorded. When the ischemia-reperfusion (IR) period ended, infarct size, NO metabolites, eNOS, nNOS, and iNOS expression were measured.

Results

Nitrate-treated rats had higher serum progesterone (29.8%, P = 0.013), NOx (31.6%, P = 0.035), and higher heart NOx (60.2%, P = 0.067), nitrite (131%, P = 0.018), and eNOS expression (200%, P = 0.005). Nitrate had no significant effects on baseline CFI but it increased recovery of left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP, 19%, P = 0.020), peak rate of positive (+ dp/dt, 16%, P = 0.006) and negative (–dp/dt, 14%, P = 0.014) changes in left ventricular pressure and decreased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP, 17%, P < 0.001) and infarct size (34%, P < 0.001). After the IR, the two groups had significantly different heart nitrite, nitrate, NOx, and eNOS and iNOS mRNA expressions.

Conclusions

Long-term nitrate intervention increased the resistance to MIRI in female rats; this was associated with increased heart eNOS expression and circulating progesterone before ischemia and blunting ischemia-induced increased iNOS and decreased eNOS after MIRI.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12872-023-03425-2.

Related collections

Most cited references 72

Record: found
Abstract: not found
Article: not found

A Rapid and Sensitive Method for the Quantitation of Microgram Quantities of Protein Utilizing the Principle of Protein-Dye Binding

M. Bradford (1976)

0 comments Cited 1868 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: not found
Article: not found

Relative expression software tool (REST) for group-wise comparison and statistical analysis of relative expression results in real-time PCR.

M. Pfaffl (2002)

Real-time reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the most suitable method for the detection and quantification of mRNA. It offers high sensitivity, good reproducibility and a wide quantification range. Today, relative expression is increasingly used, where the expression of a target gene is standardised by a non-regulated reference gene. Several mathematical algorithms have been developed to compute an expression ratio, based on real-time PCR efficiency and the crossing point deviation of an unknown sample versus a control. But all published equations and available models for the calculation of relative expression ratio allow only for the determination of a single transcription difference between one control and one sample. Therefore a new software tool was established, named REST (relative expression software tool), which compares two groups, with up to 16 data points in a sample and 16 in a control group, for reference and up to four target genes. The mathematical model used is based on the PCR efficiencies and the mean crossing point deviation between the sample and control group. Subsequently, the expression ratio results of the four investigated transcripts are tested for significance by a randomisation test. Herein, development and application of REST is explained and the usefulness of relative expression in real-time PCR using REST is discussed. The latest software version of REST and examples for the correct use can be downloaded at http://www.wzw.tum.de/gene-quantification/.

0 comments Cited 441 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion injury and cardioprotection in perspective

Gerd Heusch (2020)

Despite the increasing use and success of interventional coronary reperfusion strategies, morbidity and mortality from acute myocardial infarction are still substantial. Myocardial infarct size is a major determinant of prognosis in these patients. Therefore, cardioprotective strategies aim to reduce infarct size. However, a perplexing gap exists between the many preclinical studies reporting infarct size reduction with mechanical and pharmacological interventions and the poor translation into better clinical outcomes in patients. This Review revisits the pathophysiology of myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury, including the role of autophagy and forms of cell death such as necrosis, apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis. Other cellular compartments in addition to cardiomyocytes are addressed, notably the coronary microcirculation. Preclinical and clinical research developments in mechanical and pharmacological approaches to induce cardioprotection, and their signal transduction pathways, are discussed. Additive cardioprotective interventions are advocated. For clinical translation into treatments for patients with acute myocardial infarction, who typically are of advanced age, have comorbidities and are receiving several medications, not only infarct size reduction but also attenuation of coronary microvascular obstruction, as well as longer-term targets including infarct repair and reverse remodelling, must be considered to improve patient outcomes. Future clinical trials must focus on patients who really need adjunct cardioprotection, that is, those with severe haemodynamic alterations.

0 comments Cited 358 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Asghar Ghasemi:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6867-2151

Ghasemi@endocrine.ac.ir

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Cardiovasc Disord

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Cardiovasc Disord

Title: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1471-2261

Publication date (Electronic): 21 August 2023

Publication date PMC-release: 21 August 2023

Publication date Collection: 2023

Volume: 23

Electronic Location Identifier: 411

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.411600.2, Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, ; No. 24, Parvaneh Street, Yaman Street, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, Velenjak, Tehran Iran

[2 ]GRID grid.212340.6, ISNI 0000000122985718, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, , City University of New York School of Medicine, ; New York, USA

Author information

Asghar Ghasemi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6867-2151

Article

Publisher ID: 3425

DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03425-2

PMC ID: 10441752

PubMed ID: 37605135

SO-VID: 7b30dfb7-7dbf-4e62-90d9-3cfdbed8ac1d

License:

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 13 February 2023

Date accepted : 1 August 2023

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Cardiovascular Medicine

Keywords: nitrate,nitric oxide,female rats,myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury,inducible nitric oxide synthase,endothelial nitric oxide synthase

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Cardiovascular Medicine

Keywords: nitrate, nitric oxide, female rats, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, inducible nitric oxide synthase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase

Long-term inorganic nitrate administration protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in female rats

Read this article at

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Supplementary Information

Related collections

Karger: Cardiovascular System

Most cited references 72

A Rapid and Sensitive Method for the Quantitation of Microgram Quantities of Protein Utilizing the Principle of Protein-Dye Binding

Relative expression software tool (REST) for group-wise comparison and statistical analysis of relative expression results in real-time PCR.

Myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion injury and cardioprotection in perspective

Author and article information

Contributors

Journal

Affiliations

Author information

Article

History

Categories

Custom metadata

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 52

Cited by 2

Most referenced authors 982