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      Efficiency of colored modified box traps for sampling of tabanids Translated title: L’efficacité de boîtes pièges colorées et modifiées dans la collecte de taons

      research-article
      1 , * , 2 , 1 , 2
      Parasite
      EDP Sciences
      Diptera, Tabanidae, Box trap, Color

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          Abstract

          The efficiency of ten differently colored modified box traps for collecting tabanids was studied in the Monjoroš Forest in eastern Croatia. A total of 5,436 specimens belonging to 16 species of tabanids grouped into six genera were collected. The genus Tabanus was the most represented with 98% of all collected tabanids. Tabanus bromius comprised 90% of tabanids collected, and was the most abundant species collected in all box traps. The majority of tabanids (74%) were collected from black, brown, bordeaux, red, and blue traps (dark group), whereas 26% were collected from green, light violet, white, orange, and yellow traps (light group). The black modified trap was the most successful and collected 20% of all collected tabanids, whereas the yellow trap was the least effective with 1%. The number of collected specimens of species T. bromius differed significantly between the dark and light group of traps. Traps with lower reflectance from green color collected 77% of T. bromius. The most species of tabanids (12) was collected in the brown trap, whereas the least number of species (6) was collected in the yellow trap.

          Translated abstract

          L’efficacité pour la collecte de taons de dix boîtes pièges modifiées et de coloration différente a été étudiée dans la forêt de Monjoroš, à l’est de la Croatie. Au total, 5436 individus ont été collectés, appartenant à 16 espèces et six genres. Le genre Tabanus était le plus fréquent, avec 98 % des taons collectés. L’espèce Tabanus bromius représentait 90 % des collectes et était la plus abondante dans toutes les 10 boîtes pièges. La majorité des taons, 74 %, a été capturée dans les pièges noirs, bruns, bordeaux, rouges et bleus (groupe sombre), tandis que 26 % ont été capturés dans les pièges verts, violets clair, blancs, oranges, et jaunes (groupe clair). Le piège modifié noir a eu le plus de succès avec 20 % des taons capturés, tandis que le jaune a été le moins efficace, avec 1 % des taons capturés. Le nombre de T. bromius capturés diffère significativement entre le groupe des pièges sombres et celui des pièges clairs. Les pièges de réflectance de la couleur verte plus faible ont collecté 77 % des T. bromius. Le plus grand nombre d’espèces de taons (12) a été collecté dans le piège brun, tandis que le plus petit nombre d’espèces (6) a été collecté dans le piège jaune.

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          Most cited references18

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          Visual and olfactory responses of haematophagous Diptera to host stimuli.

          Key biotic and environmental constraints on the host-orientated behaviour of haematophagous Diptera are summarized. For each major group of biting Diptera, responses to host stimuli are reviewed, including activation and ranging behaviour, long-range and short-range olfactory responses and visual responses. Limitations to the comparison of results between groups of species, and the practical problems of experimental method and equipment are discussed.
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            The development of a multipurpose trap (the Nzi) for tsetse and other biting flies.

            S Mihok (2002)
            New trap designs for tsetse (Glossinidae), stable flies (Muscidae: Stomoxyinae), and horse flies (Tabanidae) were tested in Kenya to develop a multipurpose trap for biting flies. Many configurations and colour/fabric combinations were compared to a simplified, blue-black triangular trap to identify features of design and materials that result in equitable catches. New designs were tested against conventional traps, with a focus on Glossina pallidipes Austen and G. longipennis Corti, Stomoxys niger Macquart, and Atylotus agrestis (Wiedemann). A simple design based on minimal blue and black rectangular panels, for attraction and contrast, with a trap body consisting of an innovative configuration of netting, proved best. This 'Nzi' trap (Swahili for fly) caught as many or significantly more tsetse and biting flies than any conventional trap. The Nzi trap represents a major improvement for Stomoxyinae, including the cosmopolitan species S. calcitrans (Linnaeus), with up to eight times the catch for key African Stomoxys spp. relative to the best trap for this group (the Vavoua). Catches of many genera of Tabanidae, including species almost never caught in traps (Philoliche Wiedemann), are excellent, and are similar to those of larger traps designed for this purpose (the Canopy). Improvements in capturing biting flies were achieved without compromising efficiency for the savannah tsetse species G. pallidipes. Catches of fusca tsetse (G. longipennis and G. brevipalpis Newstead) were higher or were the same as catches in good traps for these species (NG2G, Siamese). Altogether, the objective of developing a simple, economical trap with harmonized efficiency was achieved.
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              Tabanids as vectors of disease agents.

              L Foil (1989)
              The Tabanidae are considered to be among the major Dipteran pests of man and animals worldwide, but this group is undoubtedly the least studied. There have been at least 137 genera and 4154 species of tabanids described to date. Yet, existing, active research programmes number, at most, 50 in systematics and distribution, 15 in economic entomology, and five in disease transmission. To redress the balance, Lane Foil discusses the entire spectrum of research on the transmission of infections by tabanids, both from the point of view of general factors affecting transmission dynamics, as well as the specific examination of candidate agents, from viruses to filaria.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Parasite
                Parasite
                parasite
                Parasite
                EDP Sciences
                1252-607X
                1776-1042
                2014
                17 December 2014
                : 21
                : ( publisher-idID: parasite/2014/01 )
                : 67
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Biology, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek Cara Hadrijana 8/A HR-31000 Osijek Croatia
                [2 ] Department of Physics, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek Trg Lj. Gaja 6 HR-31000 Osijek Croatia
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author: stjepan@ 123456biologija.unios.hr
                Article
                parasite140094 10.1051/parasite/2014068
                10.1051/parasite/2014068
                4270283
                25514593
                7efa5d3b-5c4e-464d-9c11-60f585f62254
                © S. Krčmar et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2014

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 09 September 2014
                : 04 December 2014
                Page count
                Figures: 5, Tables: 1, Equations: 0, References: 47, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Research Article

                diptera,tabanidae,box trap,color
                diptera, tabanidae, box trap, color

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