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      Association Between Psychological Interventions and Chronic Pain Outcomes in Older Adults : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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          Abstract

          Chronic noncancer pain (hereafter referred to as chronic pain) is common among older adults and managed frequently with pharmacotherapies that produce suboptimal outcomes. Psychological treatments are recommended, but little information is available regarding their efficacy in older adults.

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          Nonpharmacologic Therapies for Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review for an American College of Physicians Clinical Practice Guideline

          Roger Chou, Richard A Deyo, Janna Friedly … (2017)
          A 2007 American College of Physicians guideline addressed nonpharmacologic treatment options for low back pain. New evidence is now available.
          Article 0 comments Cited 249 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Is Open Access

            The Theory Behind the Age-Related Positivity Effect

            Andrew Reed, Laura L. Carstensen (2012)
            The “positivity effect” refers to an age-related trend that favors positive over negative stimuli in cognitive processing. Relative to their younger counterparts, older people attend to and remember more positive than negative information. Since the effect was initially identified and the conceptual basis articulated (Mather and Carstensen, 2005) scores of independent replications and related findings have appeared in the literature. Over the same period, a number of investigations have failed to observe age differences in the cognitive processing of emotional material. When findings are considered in theoretical context, a reliable pattern of evidence emerges that helps to refine conceptual tenets. In this article we articulate the operational definition and theoretical foundations of the positivity effect and review the empirical evidence based on studies of visual attention, memory, decision making, and neural activation. We conclude with a discussion of future research directions with emphasis on the conditions where a focus on positive information may benefit and/or impair cognitive performance in older people.
            Article 0 comments Cited 152 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Mindfulness meditation for the treatment of chronic low back pain in older adults: a randomized controlled pilot study.

              Debra Weiner, Natalia E. Morone, C Greco (2008)
              The objectives of this pilot study were to assess the feasibility of recruitment and adherence to an eight-session mindfulness meditation program for community-dwelling older adults with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and to develop initial estimates of treatment effects. It was designed as a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Participants were 37 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older with CLBP of moderate intensity occurring daily or almost every day. Participants were randomized to an 8-week mindfulness-based meditation program or to a wait-list control group. Baseline, 8-week and 3-month follow-up measures of pain, physical function, and quality of life were assessed. Eighty-nine older adults were screened and 37 found to be eligible and randomized within a 6-month period. The mean age of the sample was 74.9 years, 21/37 (57%) of participants were female and 33/37 (89%) were white. At the end of the intervention 30/37 (81%) participants completed 8-week assessments. Average class attendance of the intervention arm was 6.7 out of 8. They meditated an average of 4.3 days a week and the average minutes per day was 31.6. Compared to the control group, the intervention group displayed significant improvement in the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire Total Score and Activities Engagement subscale (P=.008, P=.004) and SF-36 Physical Function (P=.03). An 8-week mindfulness-based meditation program is feasible for older adults with CLBP. The program may lead to improvement in pain acceptance and physical function.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: JAMA Internal Medicine
                Abbreviated Title: JAMA Intern Med
                Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
                ISSN (Print): 2168-6106
                Publication date Created: June 01 2018
                Publication date (Print): June 01 2018
                Volume: 178
                Issue: 6
                Page: 830
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk
                [2 ]GERION, Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
                [3 ]Department of Human Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
                [4 ]Samuel J. Wood Library and C. V. Starr Biomedical Information Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
                [5 ]Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
                Article
                DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.0756
                PMC ID: 6145761
                PubMed ID: 29801109
                SO-VID: 816f4979-89c0-43f2-aa84-4285a6ac661a
                Copyright © © 2018
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