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      Evidencias psicométricas de una medida breve de resiliencia en adultos mayores peruanos no institucionalizados Translated title: Psychometric evidence of a brief measure of resilience in non-institutionalized Peruvian older adults

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          Abstract

          Resumen: La resiliencia es comprendida como el dominio de recursos personales y factores contextuales que permiten un afrontamiento exitoso y el logro de una adaptación positiva ante los diferentes estresores que aparecen a lo largo de la vida, siendo así importante dentro del proceso de envejecimiento saludable y exitoso. En la actualidad se han desarrollado instrumentos breves para la medición de la resiliencia como la escala breve de resiliencia (BRCS - Brief Resilient Coping Scale) que evalúa la capacidad de los individuos para hacer frente al estrés de manera adaptativa. En este sentido, el estudio ofrece evidencia de validez y fiabilidad de la BRCS en adultos mayores no institucionalizados peruanos. Se contó con la participación de 236 adultos mayores con una edad promedio de 72.8 años (DT = 6.90) de los cuales el 78.4% eran mujeres y el 21.6% hombres, quienes respondieron la versión en español del BRCS y otras escalas para medir la satisfacción con la vida, humor como afrontamiento y depresión. Mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio se corrobora la estructura unidimensional de la BRCS. Los coeficientes de consistencia interna alfa de Cronbach y omega indicaron una adecuada fiabilidad de la BRCS. Tanto los índices de ajuste del modelo como los valores de los coeficientes de fiabilidad fueron mejores en comparación con los reportados en la literatura. La BRCS mostró una correlación positiva significativa con la satisfacción con la vida y el humor como afrontamiento (p < .01). Asimismo, se observó una correlación negativa significativa con depresión (p < .01). Los resultados muestran que la BRCS cuenta con evidencias de validez y fiabilidad que avala su empleo como medida breve de la resiliencia en adultos mayores peruanos.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: Resilience is understood as the domain of personal resources and contextual factors that allow for a successful coping and enhance positive adaptation to the different stressors during the lifespan, thereby being important for a healthy and successful aging. Nowadays, several brief instruments have been developed to measure resilience, such as the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), an instrument that measures the ability of people to confront stress in an adaptive way. In this vein, the study provides evidence of the validity and reliability of the BRCS in non-institutionalized older adults in Peru. Two hundred thirty-six elderly people of both genders, 78.4% women and 21.6% men, with a mean age of 72.8 years (SD = 6.90), who answered the Spanish version of the BRCS and other scales to measure satisfaction with life, humor as coping, and depression. Confirmatory factor analysis corroborates the one-dimensional structure of the BRCS. The coefficients of internal consistency, Chronbach’s alpha and omega, indicated an adequate reliability of the BRCS. Both the adjustment indices of the model and the values of the coefficients of reliability were higher compared to those reported in the literature. The BRCS showed positive and significant correlations with satisfaction with life and humor as coping (p < .01). Likewise, negative and significant correlations were observed with depression (p < .01). The results show that the BRCS has proved valid and reliable, supporting its use as a short measure of resilience in older Peruvians.

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          The Satisfaction With Life Scale.

          This article reports the development and validation of a scale to measure global life satisfaction, the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Among the various components of subjective well-being, the SWLS is narrowly focused to assess global life satisfaction and does not tap related constructs such as positive affect or loneliness. The SWLS is shown to have favorable psychometric properties, including high internal consistency and high temporal reliability. Scores on the SWLS correlate moderately to highly with other measures of subjective well-being, and correlate predictably with specific personality characteristics. It is noted that the SWLS is Suited for use with different age groups, and other potential uses of the scale are discussed.
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            From alpha to omega: a practical solution to the pervasive problem of internal consistency estimation.

            Coefficient alpha is the most popular measure of reliability (and certainly of internal consistency reliability) reported in psychological research. This is noteworthy given the numerous deficiencies of coefficient alpha documented in the psychometric literature. This mismatch between theory and practice appears to arise partly because users of psychological scales are unfamiliar with the psychometric literature on coefficient alpha and partly because alternatives to alpha are not widely known. We present a brief review of the psychometric literature on coefficient alpha, followed by a practical alternative in the form of coefficient omega. To facilitate the shift from alpha to omega, we also present a brief guide to the calculation of point and interval estimates of omega using a free, open source software environment. © 2013 The British Psychological Society.
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              Ordinary magic. Resilience processes in development.

              The study of resilience in development has overturned many negative assumptions and deficit-focused models about children growing up under the threat of disadvantage and adversity. The most surprising conclusion emerging from studies of these children is the ordinariness of resilience. An examination of converging findings from variable-focused and person-focused investigations of these phenomena suggests that resilience is common and that it usually arises from the normative functions of human adaptational systems, with the greatest threats to human development being those that compromise these protective systems. The conclusion that resilience is made of ordinary rather than extraordinary processes offers a more positive outlook on human development and adaptation, as well as direction for policy and practice aimed at enhancing the development of children at risk for problems and psychopathology.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                inter
                Psychosocial Intervention
                Psychosocial Intervention
                Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1132-0559
                2173-4712
                2018
                : 27
                : 2
                : 73-79
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameUniversidad Privada del Norte Peru
                [4] orgnameUniversidad César Vallejo Peru
                [5] Arequipa orgnameUniversidad Católica San Pablo Peru
                [2] orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Mexico
                [3] Valencia orgnameUniversitat de Valencia Spain
                Article
                S1132-05592018000200002
                10.5093/pi2018a6
                88284199-dc64-4178-9300-b7d54b88f19c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 November 2017
                : 28 August 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 92, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Spain


                Validez,Adultos mayores,Validity,Reliability,Older adults,Resilience,Fiabilidad,Resiliencia

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