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      Inseguridad alimentaria y adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral en personas con VIH de México Translated title: Food insecurity and adherence to antiretroviral treatment among people with HIV in Mexico

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          Abstract

          Resumen Los objetivos del artículo son: 1) Analizar la relación entre inseguridad alimentaria (IA) y adherencia al tratamiento antiretroviral (TAR) en personas con VIH/SIDA. 2) Evaluar la contribución de cuatro posibles mediadores (responsabilidades laborales y familiares, falta de recursos para cubrir necesidades, distrés psicológico y efectos secundarios del TAR) a dicha asociación. Estudio transversal con una muestra (n = 557) de personas con VIH atendidas en dos instituciones públicas de la ciudad de México. Las variables fueron indagadas mediante un cuestionario. Mediante modelos de regresión logística se evaluó si los mediadores explicaban la asociación entre IA y adherencia al TAR. Las personas con IA moderada tuvieron mayor probabilidad de omisión en el mes previo (OR = 2.10) y baja adherencia (OR = 3.35). La baja adherencia en las personas con IA fue explicada por los efectos secundarios (14.9%), las necesidades insatisfechas (12.5%), las responsabilidades (4.8%) y el distrés psicológico (2.0%). La IA puede limitar los beneficios de las políticas de acceso universal al TAR pues puede estar asociada con menor adherencia a ésta. Se requiere adecuar los servicios de salud para reducir el efecto de la IA.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The aims of this study are: 1) To analyze the relationship between food insecurity (FI) and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people with HIV. 2) To evaluate the contribution of four possible mediators (lack of time due to work and family responsibilities, lack of resources to satisfy needs, psychological distress and side effects of ART) to differences in adherence according to the level of FI. A cross-sectional survey with a convenience sample (n = 557) of people with HIV attending two public institutions in Mexico City was conducted. Variables were assessed by a questionnaire. Logistic regression models were estimated. People with moderate FI were more likely to skip a dose (RM = 2.10) and reported low adherence during the last month (RM = 3.35). Poor adherence among people with FI was explained by the side effects of ART (14.9%), unsatisfied needs (12.5%), lack of time (4.8%) and psychological distress (2%). FI may curtail the benefits of universal access policies because it is associated with lower adherence to ART. An adjustment of health services to reduce the negative effects of FI on adherence to ART is required.

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          A review of the role of food insecurity in adherence to care and treatment among adult and pediatric populations living with HIV and AIDS.

          Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is critical for reducing HIV/AIDS morbidity and mortality. Food insecurity (FI) is emerging as an important barrier to adherence to care and treatment recommendations for people living with HIV (PLHIV), but this relationship has not been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we reviewed the literature to explore how FI may impact ART adherence, retention in medical care, and adherence to health care recommendations among PLHIV. We found data to support FI as a critical barrier to adherence to ART and to other health care recommendations among HIV-infected adults, HIV-infected pregnant women and their HIV-exposed infants, and child and adolescent populations of PLHIV. Associations between FI and ART non-adherence were seen in qualitative and quantitative studies. We identified a number of mechanisms to explain how food insecurity and ART non-adherence may be causally linked, including the exacerbation of hunger or ART side effects in the absence of adequate food and competing resource demands. Interventions that address FI may improve adherence to care and treatment recommendations for PLHIV.
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            Subsanar las desigualdades en una generación. Alcanzar la equidad sanitaria actuando sobre los determinantes sociales de la salud

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              Consecuencias alimentarias y nutricionales de la inseguridad alimentaria: la perspectiva de madres solteras

              Objetivo. Conocer las consecuencias alimentarias y nutricionales de la inseguridad alimentaria en mujeres adultas en condiciones de alta marginalidad de la Ciudad de México. Sujetos y Métodos. Durante el año 2007 se efectuaron diez grupos focales con 44 madres solteras pobres, beneficiarias de un programa gubernamental en la delegación Tlalpan, Distrito Federal. Resultados. Los testimonios de las mujeres indican que la inseguridad alimentaria se relaciona con el incremento de peso corporal. Esto puede ser atribuido a que consumen una dieta monótona basada en alimentos que son económicos y de alta densidad energética, buscan consumir alimentos que perciben generan saciedad como los cereales, experimentan ciclos de restricción y atracón, omiten una o varias comidas al día y experimentan estrés psicosocial. En algunos casos, la inseguridad alimentaria también se relacionó con pérdida de peso. Conclusiones. La experiencia de la inseguridad alimentaria y la pobreza urbana no sólo se relacionan con carencias nutricionales sino también con uno de los precursores de enfermedades crónicas: la obesidad.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                csc
                Ciência & Saúde Coletiva
                Ciênc. saúde coletiva
                ABRASCO - Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva
                1678-4561
                February 2017
                : 22
                : 2
                : 543-551
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana unidad Xochimilco México
                Article
                S1413-81232017000200543
                10.1590/1413-81232017222.10792016
                8a958984-197c-44c1-9656-c7c2cf87bb67

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1413-8123&lng=en
                Categories
                Health Policy & Services

                Public health
                VIH,Salud mental,Adherencia al tratamiento,Inseguridad alimentaria,HIV,AIDS,Mental health,Adherence,Food security

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