For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
66
views
54
references
 Top references
cited by
411
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      556
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Panethnic Differences in Blood Pressure in Europe: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          People of Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) and South Asians(SA) ethnic minorities living in Europe have higher risk of stroke than native Europeans(EU). Study objective is to provide an assessment of gender specific absolute differences in office systolic(SBP) and diastolic(DBP) blood pressure(BP) levels between SSA, SA, and EU.

          Methods and Findings

          We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies conducted in Europe that examined BP in non-selected adult SSA, SA and EU subjects. Medline, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from their inception through January 31st 2015, for relevant articles. Outcome measures were mean SBP and DBP differences between minorities and EU, using a random effects model and tested for heterogeneity. Twenty-one studies involving 9,070 SSA, 18,421 SA, and 130,380 EU were included. Compared with EU, SSA had higher values of both SBP (3.38 mmHg, 95% CI 1.28 to 5.48 mmHg; and 6.00 mmHg, 95% CI 2.22 to 9.78 in men and women respectively) and DBP (3.29 mmHg, 95% CI 1.80 to 4.78; 5.35 mmHg, 95% CI 3.04 to 7.66). SA had lower SBP than EU(-4.57 mmHg, 95% CI -6.20 to -2.93; -2.97 mmHg, 95% CI -5.45 to -0.49) but similar DBP values. Meta-analysis by subgroup showed that SA originating from countries where Islam is the main religion had lower SBP and DBP values than EU. In multivariate meta-regression analyses, SBP difference between minorities and EU populations, was influenced by panethnicity and diabetes prevalence.

          Conclusions

          1) The higher BP in SSA is maintained over decades, suggesting limited efficacy of prevention strategies in such group in Europe;2) The lower BP in Muslim populations suggests that yet untapped lifestyle and behavioral habits may reveal advantages towards the development of hypertension;3) The additive effect of diabetes, emphasizes the need of new strategies for the control of hypertension in groups at high prevalence of diabetes.

          Related collections

          Most cited references54

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Relation of central obesity and insulin resistance with high diabetes prevalence and cardiovascular risk in South Asians.

          P McKeigue, B. Shah, M. Marmot (1991)
          The hypothesis that the high mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD) in South Asians settled overseas compared with other populations is due to metabolic disturbances related to insulin resistance was tested in a population survey of 3193 men and 561 women aged 40-69 years in London, UK. The sample was assembled from industrial workforces and general practitioners' lists. In comparison with the European group, the South Asian group had a higher prevalence of diabetes (19% vs 4%), higher blood pressures, higher fasting and post-glucose serum insulin concentrations, higher plasma triglyceride, and lower HDL cholesterol concentrations. Mean waist-hip girth ratios and trunk skinfolds were higher in the South Asian than in the European group. Within each ethnic group waist-hip ratio was correlated with glucose intolerance, insulin, blood pressure, and triglyceride. These results confirm the existence of an insulin resistance syndrome, prevalent in South Asian populations and associated with a pronounced tendency to central obesity in this group. Control of obesity and greater physical activity offer the best chances for prevention of diabetes and CHD in South Asian people.
          Article 0 comments Cited 161 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Hypertension in sub-Saharan African populations.

            Lionel Opie, Yackoob K Seedat (2005)
            Hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa is a widespread problem of immense economic importance because of its high prevalence in urban areas, its frequent underdiagnosis, and the severity of its complications. We searched PubMed and relevant journals for words in the title of this article. Among the major problems in making headway toward better detection and treatment are the limited resources of many African countries. Relatively recent environmental changes seem to be adverse. Mass migration from rural to periurban and urban areas probably accounts, at least in part, for the high incidence of hypertension in urban black Africans. In the remaining semirural areas, inroads in lifestyle changes associated with "civilization" may explain the apparently rising prevalence of hypertension. Overall, significant segments of the African population are still afflicted by severe poverty, famine, and civil strife, making the overall prevalence of hypertension difficult to determine. Black South Africans have a stroke rate twice as high as that of whites. Two lifestyle changes that are feasible and should help to stem the epidemic of hypertension in Africa are a decreased salt intake and decreased obesity, especially in women. Overall, differences from whites in etiology and therapeutic responses in sub-Saharan African populations are graded and overlapping rather than absolute. Further studies are needed on black Africans, who may (or may not) be genetically and environmentally different from black Americans and from each other in different parts of this vast continent.
            Article 0 comments Cited 157 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Management of high blood pressure in Blacks: an update of the International Society on Hypertension in Blacks consensus statement.

              K A Jamerson, H Grimm, S Nasser … (2010)
              Since the first International Society on Hypertension in Blacks consensus statement on the "Management of High Blood Pressure in African American" in 2003, data from additional clinical trials have become available. We reviewed hypertension and cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment guidelines, pharmacological hypertension clinical end point trials, and blood pressure-lowering trials in blacks. Selected trials without significant black representation were considered. In this update, blacks with hypertension are divided into 2 risk strata, primary prevention, where elevated blood pressure without target organ damage, preclinical cardiovascular disease, or overt cardiovascular disease for whom blood pressure consistently 15/10 mm Hg above target, 2-drug therapy is recommended, with either a calcium channel blocker plus a renin-angiotensin system blocker or, alternatively, in edematous and/or volume-overload states, with a thiazide diuretic plus a renin-angiotensin system blocker. Effective multidrug therapeutic combinations through 4 drugs are described. Comprehensive lifestyle modifications should be initiated in blacks when blood pressure is ≥115/75 mm Hg. The updated International Society on Hypertension in Blacks consensus statement on hypertension management in blacks lowers the minimum target blood pressure level for the lowest-risk blacks, emphasizes effective multidrug regimens, and de-emphasizes monotherapy.
              Article 0 comments Cited 98 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Flávio Danni Fuchs: Role: Editor
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS ONE
                Journal ID (publisher-id): plos
                Journal ID (pmc): plosone
                Title: PLoS ONE
                Publisher: Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1932-6203
                Publication date (Electronic): 25 January 2016
                Publication date Collection: 2016
                Volume: 11
                Issue: 1
                Electronic Location Identifier: e0147601
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Dept of Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
                [2 ]Dept of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
                [3 ]University of Warwick, Warwick Medical School, and University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, United Kingdom
                [4 ]Dept of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
                [5 ]IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bergamo, Dept. of Medicine, Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
                [6 ]Dept of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Dept. of Cardiology, S. Luca Hospital, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico, Milano, Italy
                Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, BRAZIL
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Conceived and designed the experiments: PAM. Performed the experiments: PAM G. Reboldi FPC CA SR EP GP. Analyzed the data: PAM G. Reboldi G. Remuzzi CA. Wrote the paper: PAM CA FPC G. Remuzzi G. Reboldi.

                ¶ Membership of the ESH Working Group on CV Risk in Low Resource Settings is provided in the Acknowledgments.

                Article
                Publisher ID: PONE-D-15-03808
                DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147601
                PMC ID: 4725677
                PubMed ID: 26808317
                SO-VID: 91443185-dfc8-466a-839f-be8be898f071
                Copyright © © 2016 Modesti et al
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                Date received : 26 January 2015
                Date accepted : 24 November 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 5, Tables: 6, Pages: 21
                Funding
                The authors have no support or funding to report.
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Endocrinology
                Subject: Endocrine Disorders
                Subject: Diabetes Mellitus
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Metabolic Disorders
                Subject: Diabetes Mellitus
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Vascular Medicine
                Subject: Blood Pressure
                Subject: Social Sciences
                Subject: Anthropology
                Subject: Cultural Anthropology
                Subject: Religion
                Subject: Social Sciences
                Subject: Sociology
                Subject: Religion
                Subject: People and Places
                Subject: Population Groupings
                Subject: Ethnicities
                Subject: Africans
                Subject: Research and Analysis Methods
                Subject: Mathematical and Statistical Techniques
                Subject: Statistical Methods
                Subject: Meta-Analysis
                Subject: Physical Sciences
                Subject: Mathematics
                Subject: Statistics (Mathematics)
                Subject: Statistical Methods
                Subject: Meta-Analysis
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Vascular Medicine
                Subject: Blood Pressure
                Subject: Hypertension
                Subject: People and Places
                Subject: Geographical Locations
                Subject: Europe
                Subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
                Subject: Epidemiology
                Subject: Ethnic Epidemiology
                Custom metadata
                Data Availability All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content556

                See all similar

                Cited by465

                See all cited by