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      Percepción materna del estado nutricional de sus hijos: ¿Es un factor de riesgo para presentar malnutrición por exceso? Translated title: Maternal view of children nutritional status: Is it a risk factor for excess bad feeding?

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          Abstract

          Introducción: La obesidad infantil es un problema cada vez más frecuente en nuestro país, especialmente en la región de Magallanes. Por este motivo se decidió evaluar en Puerto Natales la percepción materna del estado nutricional de sus hijos. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal, mediante la aplicación de una encuesta a las madres de prescolares, para evaluar si la percepción inadecuada del estado nutricional, junto con otras variables, constituirían un riesgo para presentar malnutrición por exceso. La información se analizó mediante prueba de t-student, regresión logística univariada y multivariada. Resultados: Se encuestaron 270 madres. La percepción del estado nutricional de sus hijos fue adecuada en un 54,07% y subestimada en un 41,48%, sin una diferencia significativa entre ambas. Los factores de riesgo obtenidos mediante regresión univariada fueron subestimación del estado nutricional, obesidad materna, mayor número de hijos, mayor edad en los niños y antecedente de obesidad en el niño, mientras que la percepción adecuada disminuyó la probabilidad de tener sobrepeso u obesidad. En el análisis multivariado se mantuvieron las mismas variables a excepción de la obesidad materna. Conclusiones: La percepción alterada del estado nutricional infantil es un factor de riesgo a intervenir para intentar disminuir la alta prevalencia local de malnutrición por exceso

          Translated abstract

          Background: Children obesity is an increasing problem in our country, especially in Magallanes Region. Objective: To evaluate the maternal perception of their children nutritional status. Method: A cross-sectional study was designed, where a survey was applied to mothers of preschool children, in order to investigate if misperception of their nutritional status and other variables associated represent a risk factor for overweight. Data was analyzed with t-student test and univariate/multivariate logistic regression. Results: 270 mothers were interviewed; their perception about children's weight was accurate in 54,07% and underestimated in 41,48%, without statistical difference. The significant risk factors obtained from univariate regression are underestimation of children nutritional status, maternal obesity, number of children per mother, obesity and age in children. An accurate maternal perception decreased the probability of overweight. In the multivariate regression analysis, the risk factors were the same, except for maternal obesity. Conclusions: Maternal misperception of their children nutritional status represents a risk factor for overweight that should be improved in order to decrease high local prevalence of obesity

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          Why don't low-income mothers worry about their preschoolers being overweight?

          Mothers are in an important position to prevent obesity in their children by shaping early diet and activity patterns. However, many mothers of overweight preschool children are not worried about their child's weight. To explore mothers' perceptions about how they determine when a child is overweight, why children become overweight, and what barriers exist to preventing or managing childhood obesity. Three focus groups with 6 participants in each. Participant comments were transcribed and analyzed. Themes were coded independently by the 6 authors who then agreed on common themes. A clinic of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children in Cincinnati, Ohio. Eighteen low-income mothers (13 black, 5 white) of preschool children (mean age of 44 months) who were at-risk for later obesity. All but 1 mother had a body mass index (BMI) >/=25 kg/m(2), and 12 mothers had a BMI >/=30 kg/m(2). All but 1 child had a BMI >/=85th percentile for age and sex, and 7 had a BMI >/=95th percentile. Results. Mothers did not define overweight or obese in their children according to how height and weight measurements were plotted on the standard growth charts used by health professionals. Instead, mothers were more likely to consider being teased about weight or developing limitations in physical activity as indicators of their child being overweight. Children were not believed to be overweight if they were active and had a healthy diet and/or a good appetite. Mothers described overweight children as thick or solid. Mothers believed that an inherited tendency to be overweight was likely to be expressed in the child regardless of environmental factors. In trying to shape their children's eating, mothers believed that their control over the child's diet was challenged by other family members. If a child was hungry, despite having just eaten, it was emotionally difficult for mothers to deny additional food. Health professionals should not assume that defining overweight according to the growth charts has meaning for all mothers. Despite differing perceptions between mothers and health professionals about the definition of overweight, both groups agree that children should be physically active and have healthy diets. Health professionals may be more effective in preventing childhood obesity by focusing on these goals that they share with mothers, rather than on labeling children as overweight.
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            Prevalence of overweight and obesity among US children, adolescents, and adults, 1999-2002.

            The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased markedly in the last 2 decades in the United States. To update the US prevalence estimates of overweight in children and obesity in adults, using the most recent national data of height and weight measurements. As part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a complex multistage probability sample of the US noninstitutionalized civilian population, both height and weight measurements were obtained from 4115 adults and 4018 children in 1999-2000 and from 4390 adults and 4258 children in 2001-2002. Prevalence of overweight (body mass index [BMI] > or =95th percentile of the sex-specific BMI-for-age growth chart) among children and prevalence of overweight (BMI, 25.0-29.9), obesity (BMI > or =30.0), and extreme obesity (BMI > or =40.0) among adults by sex, age, and racial/ethnic group. Between 1999-2000 and 2001-2002, there were no significant changes among adults in the prevalence of overweight or obesity (64.5% vs 65.7%), obesity (30.5% vs 30.6%), or extreme obesity (4.7% vs 5.1%), or among children aged 6 through 19 years in the prevalence of at risk for overweight or overweight (29.9% vs 31.5%) or overweight (15.0% vs 16.5%). Overall, among adults aged at least 20 years in 1999-2002, 65.1% were overweight or obese, 30.4% were obese, and 4.9% were extremely obese. Among children aged 6 through 19 years in 1999-2002, 31.0% were at risk for overweight or overweight and 16.0% were overweight. The NHANES results indicate continuing disparities by sex and between racial/ethnic groups in the prevalence of overweight and obesity. There is no indication that the prevalence of obesity among adults and overweight among children is decreasing. The high levels of overweight among children and obesity among adults remain a major public health concern.
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              Maternal perceptions of overweight preschool children.

              Childhood obesity is a major public health problem, and prevention efforts should begin early in life and involve parents. To determine what factors are associated with mothers' failure to perceive when their preschool children are overweight. Cross-sectional survey. Offices of private pediatricians and clinics of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Six hundred twenty-two mothers with children 23 to 60 months of age. Maternal demographic variables, maternal self-reported height and weight, and children's measured height and weight. Mothers were asked whether they considered themselves or their children overweight. Forty-five percent of mothers had low education (high school degree or less) and 55% had high education (some college or more). Obesity (body mass index: >/=30 kg/m(2)) was more common in the low education group of mothers (30% vs 17%), and their children tended to be more overweight (weight-for-height percentile: >/=90th; 19% vs 14%). Ninety-five percent of obese mothers believed that they were overweight, with no difference between education groups. However, 79% of mothers failed to perceive their overweight child as overweight. Among the 99 mothers with overweight children, low maternal education was associated with a failure to perceive their children as overweight after adjusting for low family income (
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rcp
                Revista chilena de pediatría
                Rev. chil. pediatr.
                Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría (Santiago, , Chile )
                0370-4106
                February 2007
                : 78
                : 1
                : 20-27
                Affiliations
                [02] Puerto Natales orgnameHospital Augusto Essmann Burgos orgdiv1Servicio Nutrición y Alimentación Chile
                [01] Puerto Natales orgnameHospital Augusto Essmann Burgos orgdiv1Servicio de Pediatría Chile
                Article
                S0370-41062007000100003 S0370-4106(07)07800103
                10.4067/S0370-41062007000100003
                94cd87f2-7b86-42cf-82ec-e677a6055c64

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 18 December 2006
                : 06 June 2006
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS ORIGINALES

                obesity,obesidad infantil,percepción materna,sobrepeso,nutrición,niños,children,overweight,maternal perception,nutrition

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