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      Prevalencia y asociación de la dispepsia y el síndrome de intestino irritable en una comunidad de la Selva Peruana

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          Abstract

          Introducción: La dispepsia y el síndrome del intestino irritable (SII) son dos de los síndromes más frecuentes en la gastroenterología. Sin embargo, existen muy pocos trabajos epidemiológicos en el Perú y ninguno realizado en la selva peruana. Objetivos: El objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar la prevalencia de la dispepsia y el SII en una comunidad de la selva peruana y el porcentaje de co-ocurrencia de estos síndromes. Material y métodos: Se tomó una muestra de 231 personas escogidas al azar mediante la modalidad "casa por casa" según el mapa proporcionado por el Centro de Salud de Punta del Este (Tarapoto-Dpto San Martín) y considerada representativa de la población general de esa ciudad, a las cuales se les aplicaron dos encuestas (Test de dispepsia y Test de Manning) validadas previamente durante los meses de Enero a Marzo de 1999). Resultados: La prevalencia de la dispepsia fue de 37.6%, y del SII de 22.0%. De los sujetos con dispepsia el 38% tuvieron SII. De los sujetos con SII el 65% reportó síntomas de dispepsia. La prevalencia del SII fue mayor en sujetos con dispepsia (37.9%) que en sujetos sin dispepsia (12.5%; p<0.01). La prevalencia tanto de la dispepsia como del SII disminuye conforme aumenta la edad. En las personas con SII se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en cuanto a la etnia. La dispepsia y el SII se asociaron en el 31.4% de las personas con ambas entidades (p<0.0001 y OR=4.28). La relación dispepsia/SII fue de 1.7/1. Conclusión: Existe una alta prevalencia del SII y dispepsia en la población estudiada. La alta asociación encontrada entre ambos síndromes se puede deber a que comparten mecanismos etiopatogénicos comunes como son: hipersensibilidad visceral debida a mecanismos periféricos o centrales, disturbios en la motilidad intestinal o parasitosis. Nuestro estudio sugiere que tanto la dispepsia como el SII son manifestaciones de un mismo desorden digestivo, aún no dilucidado por completo.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction: Dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are the two most frequents functional disorders of the digestive systems. However, there are a few epidemiological reports in Peru and none done in the peruvian jungle. This study was intended to determine the prevalence of dyspepsia and IBS in a jungle peruvian community, and the degree of overlap between these two digestive disorders. Material and methods: A sample of 231 persons chosen randomly from the population census of a city in Peru (Punta del Este, Tarapoto), and considered representative of the general population in this city, was surveyed by a questionnaire previously validated between January and March 1999. Results: The prevalence of dyspepsia was 37.6%, and that of IBS was 22.0%. Of the subjects with dyspepsia 38% had IBS, and subjets with IBS, 65% reported symptoms of dyspepsia. The prevalence of IBS was higher among subjects with dyspepsia (37.9%) than among those who reported no symptoms of dyspepsia (12.5%; p<0.01). Frequency of symptoms of dyspepsia and IBS tended to fall with age. Dyspepsia and IBS was associated in 31.4% of the subjects with both disorders (p<0.0001 y OR=4.28). The dyspepsia/IBS ratio was 1.7/1. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of IBS and dyspepsia in the study population. The high association found between both syndromes may be due to the common etiopathogenic mechanisms they are such as: a visceral hypersensibility due to peripheral or central mechanisms, bowel motility disturbances or parasitosis. Our study suggests that both dyspepsia and IBS are the manifestations of the same digestive disorder, which has not been fully clarified yet.

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          U.S. householder survey of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Prevalence, sociodemography, and health impact.

          Our objective was to obtain national data of the estimated prevalence, sociodemographic relationships, and health impact of persons with functional gastrointestinal disorders. We surveyed a stratified probability random sample of U.S. householders selected from a data base of a national market firm (National Family Opinion, Inc.). Questions were asked about bowel symptoms, sociodemographic associations, work absenteeism, and physician visits. The sampling frame was constructed to be demographically similar to the U.S. householder population based on geographic region, age of householder, population density, household income, and household size. Of 8250 mailings, 5430 were returned suitable for analysis (66% response). The survey assessed the prevalence of 20 functional gastrointestinal syndromes based on fulfillment of multinational diagnostic (Rome) criteria. Additional variables studied included: demographic status, work absenteeism, health care use, employment status, family income, geographic area of residence, population density, and number of persons in household. For this sample, 69% reported having at least one of 20 functional gastrointestinal syndromes in the previous three months. The symptoms were attributed to four major anatomic regions: esophageal (42%), gastroduodenal (26%), bowel (44%), and anorectal (26%), with considerable overlap. Females reported greater frequencies of globus, functional dysphagia, irritable bowel syndrome, functional constipation, functional abdominal pain, functional biliary pain and dyschezia; males reported greater frequencies of aerophagia and functional bloating. Symptom reporting, except for incontinence, declines with age, and low income is associated with greater symptom reporting. The rate of work/school absenteeism and physician visits is increased for those having a functional gastrointestinal disorder. Furthermore, the greatest rates are associated with those having gross fecal incontinence and certain more painful functional gastrointestinal disorders such as chronic abdominal pain, biliary pain, functional dyspepsia and IBS. Preliminary information on the prevalence, socio-demographic features and health impact is provided for persons who fulfill diagnostic criteria for functional gastrointestinal disorders.
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            Epidemiology of colonic symptoms and the irritable bowel syndrome.

            Functional gastrointestinal disease is believed to be very common, but reports of its prevalence have not usually evaluated random community samples, and validated questionnaires have not been used to elicit symptoms. The prevalence of specific colonic symptoms and the irritable bowel syndrome among representative middle-aged whites was determined from a defined population, and the impact of these symptoms on presentation for medical care was measured. An age- and sex-stratified random sample of 1021 residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, aged 30-64 years, was obtained. All subjects were mailed a valid self-report questionnaire that identified gastrointestinal symptoms and functional gastrointestinal disorders. The response rate was 82% (n = 835). The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of abdominal pain (more than six times in the prior year) was 26.2 per 100 (95% confidence interval, 23.1-29.2). The prevalence of chronic constipation (hard stools and straining and/or less than 3 stools per week greater than 25% of the time) was 17.4 (95% confidence interval, 14.8-20.0), whereas the prevalence of chronic diarrhea (loose watery stools, and/or greater than 3 stools per day greater than 25% of the time) was 17.9 (95% confidence interval, 15.3-20.5). The prevalence of abdominal pain and disturbed defecation was similar in women and men, except that infrequent defecation and straining at stool were more common in women. Using the Manning symptom criteria to identify irritable bowel syndrome (greater than or equal to 2 of 6 symptoms in those with abdominal pain more than six times in the prior year), the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome was 17.0 per 100 (95% confidence interval, 14.4-19.6). Overall, 71 persons (9%) reported visiting a physician for abdominal pain or disturbed defecation in the prior year; a subset of variables related to pain severity were the best predictors of health care seeking after adjustment for age and gender. However, these accounted for only 22% of the log likelihood. In conclusion, more than one third of an unselected middle-aged population reported chronic abdominal pain or disturbed defecation, and more than one in six had symptoms compatible with the irritable bowel syndrome. Only a minority had presented for medical evaluation; moreover, the characteristics of the abdominal complaints did not explain the seeking of health care in most cases.
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              Irritable bowel syndrome in the general population.

              To determine the prevalence of symptoms compatible with a clinical diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome in the general population. Validated postal questionnaire sent to 2280 subjects randomly selected in 10 year age bands from the lists of eight general practitioners. The Manning criteria were used to define irritable bowel syndrome. Urban population in Southampton and mixed urban-rural population in Andover, Hampshire. A response of 71% yielded 1620 questionnaires for analysis, of which 412 (25%) reported more than six episodes of abdominal pain in the preceding year, with 350 (22%) reporting symptoms consistent with the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome. The male: female ratio was 1:1.38. More subjects with irritable bowel syndrome had constipation and diarrhoea and 35% with the syndrome reported rectal bleeding compared with an overall prevalence of 20%. Other symptoms and conditions including heartburn, dyspepsia, flushing, palpitations, migraine, and urinary symptoms were significantly more common in the group with irritable bowel syndrome. Abdominal pain in childhood was more common in the subjects with irritable bowel syndrome (12%) than without (3%). One third of the group with irritable bowel syndrome had sought medical advice during the study period (male:female ratio 1:1.21); consultation behaviour was influenced by age and the presence of associated symptoms, varied considerably among patients registered with different general practitioners, and was poorly correlated with symptom severity. Symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome are present in almost one quarter of the general population and tend to be associated with a number of other complaints and conditions, some of which may reflect smooth muscle dysfunction.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rgp
                Revista de Gastroenterología del Perú
                Rev. gastroenterol. Perú
                Sociedad de Gastroenterología del Perú (Lima, , Peru )
                1022-5129
                April 2002
                : 22
                : 2
                : 129-140
                Affiliations
                [03] orgnameUniversidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
                [02] orgnameUniversidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
                [01] orgnameUniversidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
                Article
                S1022-51292002000200003 S1022-5129(02)02200203
                95b74695-17aa-4f08-90e4-3fde6b25e744

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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                SciELO Peru

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                Dispepsia,Síndrome del intestino irritable,Prevalencia,Asociación,Dyspepsia,Irritable bowel Syndrome,General population,Prevalence,Association

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