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      Tendencias actuales en el manejo clínico quirúrgico de la presbicia Translated title: Current Trends in the Clinical and Surgical Management of Presbyopia

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN La presbicia es la pérdida gradual y progresiva de la amplitud de acomodación del cristalino que comienza entre los 38 y 40 años de edad y culmina a los 55 años al perderse por completo. Es provocada por el aumento de rigidez del cristalino y, en particular, un mayor cambio en la rigidez del núcleo de su corteza. La presbicia no corregida o hipocorregida tiene un impacto negativo en la calidad de vida en relación con la visión, las personas afectadas experimentan un cambio positivo significativo de productividad en sus actividades diarias al utilizar una corrección óptica adecuada. Las diferentes alternativas de tratamiento deben aplicarse de forma personalizadas para optimizar el rango de enfoque para las tareas diarias, minimizar los efectos visuales adversos y cumplir con las expectativas del paciente según necesidades y alcance económico. Los tratamientos más efectivos y con menos efectos indeseables hasta el momento son los dispositivos ópticos como las gafas y las lentes de contacto. Los métodos quirúrgicos pueden dejar síntomas visuales. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una búsqueda bibliográfica sobre las actuales tendencias en el manejo clínico-quirúrgico de la presbicia.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Presbyopia is the gradual and progressive loss of the accommodative range of the crystalline lens that begins between 38 and 40 years of age and culminates at 55 years of age when it is completely lost. It is caused by increased stiffness of the lens and, in particular, a greater change in the stiffness of the nucleus of its cortex. Uncorrected or undercorrected presbyopia has a negative impact on quality of life in relation to vision, affected individuals experience a significant positive change in productivity in their daily activities when using an appropriate optical correction. The different treatment alternatives should be applied in a personalized way to optimize the range of focus for daily tasks, minimize adverse visual effects and meet the patient's expectations according to needs and economic scope. The most effective treatments with the least undesirable effects so far are optical devices such as glasses and contact lenses. Surgical methods may leave visual symptoms. The aim of this study was to perform a literature search on current trends in the clinical-surgical management of presbyopia.

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          Preliminary Evidence of Successful Near Vision Enhancement With a New Technique: PrEsbyopic Allogenic Refractive Lenticule (PEARL) Corneal Inlay Using a SMILE Lenticule.

          To describe a new technique (PrEsbyopic Allogenic Refractive Lenticule [PEARL] inlay) using an allogenic corneal inlay prepared from a small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) lenticule.
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            Presbyopia – A Review of Current Treatment Options and Emerging Therapies

            Presbyopia is a common age-related vision disorder characterized by a progressive inability to focus on near objects. If uncorrected or under-corrected, presbyopia can significantly impact patients’ quality of life. Presbyopia represents an area of considerable unmet need due to its rising prevalence worldwide as the population ages, the high proportion of under-treated individuals in some parts of the world, and the limitations of currently available corrective methods. Progressive or bifocal spectacles are associated with peripheral blur, a restricted visual field and impaired depth perception, which have been linked to an increased risk of falls in the elderly. Contact lens options can be difficult to maintain due to the development of age-related dry eye symptoms and reduced manual dexterity. Other corrective methods involve surgical interventions that modify the optics of the cornea, replace the crystalline lens, or attempt to restore active accommodation. While patients undergoing surgery report satisfactory outcomes post-operatively, many of them eventually require reading glasses. Non-invasive therapies with novel mechanisms of action are currently being investigated; these include miotic agents and UNR844, a lipoic acid choline ester. In this narrative review, available evidence on presbyopia prevalence, quality of life impact and risk factors are described, with a focus on observational studies in non-clinical settings. The diagnosis pathway and patient journey in presbyopia are outlined, and various treatment options are analyzed. The data reviewed herein reveals significant gaps in the provision of vision correction for this common condition, with a paucity of effective, non-invasive treatment options broadly accessible to presbyopic individuals.
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              Corneal compensation of presbyopia: PresbyLASIK: an updated review

              Abstract The main purpose of this review is to compare and analyze the results of the main PresbyLASIK approaches; central and peripheral. Summary A comprehensive research was conducted in PUBMED using keywords like “presbyopia correction”, “PresbyLASIK”, “Corneal multifocality”, “Laser blended vision”. We reviewed the PresbyLASIK technique, uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA), and corrected near visual acuity (CNVA), and compared the differences between the techniques.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                oft
                Revista Cubana de Oftalmología
                Rev Cubana Oftalmol
                Editorial Ciencias Médicas (Ciudad de la Habana, , Cuba )
                0864-2176
                1561-3070
                December 2023
                : 36
                : 4
                : e1787
                Affiliations
                [1] Cuba La Habana orgnameInstituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer
                Article
                S0864-21762023000400002 S0864-2176(23)03600400002
                9a571e32-cd74-4764-ae4b-eea583848581

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 09 May 2023
                : 01 August 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                REVISIÓN

                presbicia,corrección,acomodación,presbyopia,correction,accommodation

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