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      Functional alterations of the autonomic nervous system in Chagas' heart disease

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          Abstract

          Several independent pathological studies in experimental models and in human beings showed conspicuous autonomic denervation in Chagas' disease. In spite of the inherently complex structural organization of the autonomic nervous system, the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions are involved, as shown by many functional studies. Hence, Chagas' disease represents a unique model of impairment of the autonomic control of the heart, in absence of the nonspecific effects of cardiac failure. An important limitation of the studies thus far carried out is the lack of a better knowledge of the molecular biology characteristics of different strains of T. cruzi. This could explain some geographical discrepancies found in the clinical behaviour of Chagas' disease, and contribute to a better understanding of its pathophysiology.

          Translated abstract

          O envolvimento patológico do sistema neurovegetativo na moléstia de Chagas é fato reconhecido com base em numerosos estudos independentes in vivo e post mortem. Essas investigações incluem o homem e diferentes espécies animais. Tenha-se presente, na interpretação desse envolvimento patológico, a complexidade da organização dos componentes autonômicos e a limitação metodológica. Aceitas algumas ressalvas, porém realçando-se a exclusão de efeitos inespecíficos da insuficiência cardíaca, conclui-se ser a cardiopatia chagásica modelo experimental de denervação, adequado para a compreensão da fisiopatologia cardiovascular. Se isso aproveita à biologia médica e comparativa, não há como negar que todos os estudos se ressentem da carência de melhor compreensão da estrutura molecular das diferentes espécies de Trypanosomatidae. Tal entendimento pode conduzir-nos à elucidação das discrepâncias entre investigações realizadas em diferentes áreas geográficas, não só quanto à presumível lesão autonômica, como também ao seu grau e à sua exteriorização clínica.

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          Most cited references113

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          Do radically dissimilar Trypanosoma cruzi strains (zymodemes) cause Venezuelan and Brazilian forms of Chagas' disease?

          316 isolates of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative organism of Chagas' disease, were collected from three geographical areas: Venezuela, where Chagas' disease does not cause megacardia, megaoesophagus, and megacolon; the Brazilian Amazon basin, where T. cruzi is silvatic and human infection is rare; and central and eastern Brazil, where T. cruzi infection is commonly associated with "mega" syndromes. The distribution in these regions of three radically dissimilar enzymic strains or "zymodemes" of T. cruzi (Z1, Z2, and Z3) was compared. Endemic Chagas' disease in Venezuela ws predominantly due to T. cruzi Z1 and rarely to T. cruzi Z3. T. cruzi Z1 and Z3 also caused the sporadic cases of Chagas' disease in the Brazilian Amazon basin. A quite distinct T. cruzi zymodeme, Z2, not found in either Venezuela or the Amazon basin, was isolated from the vast majority of patients in central and eastern Brazil. These observations suggest that different aetiological agents might account for the difference between the Venezuelan and Brazilian forms of Chagas' disease.
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            DO RADICALLY DISSIMILAR TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI STRAINS (ZYMODEMES) CAUSE VENEZUELAN AND BRAZILIAN FORMS OF CHAGAS' DISEASE?

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              A natural human model of intrinsic heart nervous system denervation: Chagas' cardiopathy.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                spmj
                Sao Paulo Medical Journal
                Sao Paulo Med. J.
                Associação Paulista de Medicina - APM (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                1516-3180
                1806-9460
                April 1995
                : 113
                : 2
                : 772-784
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto orgdiv2Department of Internal Medicine
                Article
                S1516-31801995000200007 S1516-3180(95)11300207
                10.1590/S1516-31801995000200007
                8650476
                9b68fe27-8678-4938-9545-8af8923fcd27

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 75, Pages: 13
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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI: Full text available only in PDF format (EN)
                Categories
                Special Articles

                Chagas' disease,Autonomic nervous system
                Chagas' disease, Autonomic nervous system

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