An expanding body of data has indicated that the seizure prone state in genetically
epilepsy-prone rats (GEPRs) is partially caused by deficits in central nervous system
noradrenergic transmission. Several lines of evidence suggest that the noradrenergic
terminals in the superior colliculus (SC) may act as determinants of seizure predisposition
in the GEPR. In order to assess the role of the noradrenergic transmission in the
SC in the regulation of seizure severity, several drugs with different mechanisms
of enhancing noradrenergic transmission were bilaterally microinfused into the SC
of GEPR-9s (severe seizure GEPRs). The rats were tested for audiogenic seizure intensity
at 0.25, 1, 2, 3, and 4 h after treatments. Bilateral infusion of vehicle produced
no reduction in the severity of the audiogenic seizure. Desipramine (2, 4, 8 micrograms/side),
nisoxetine (2, 4, 8 micrograms/side), and idazoxan (0.25, 1, 4 micrograms/side) all
decreased the seizure severity in a dose-dependent fashion. Significant decreases
in the seizure severity were also observed after administration of methoxamine (0.15
microgram/side) or phenylephrine (0.15 microgram/side). Pretreatment with prazosin
(1 microgram/side) significantly diminished the anticonvulsant effectiveness of methoxamine
and nisoxetine while prazosin, by itself, had no effects on the seizure intensity.
These results suggest that noradrenergic transmission in the SC may be involved in
the seizure regulation in GEPR-9s, and that this regulation may be mediated, at least
in part, through alpha 1 receptors.