Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay: Status and Prospects

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Abstract

Neutrinoless double-beta decay is a forbidden, lepton-number-violating nuclear transition whose observation would have fundamental implications for neutrino physics, theories beyond the Standard Model, and cosmology. In this review, we summarize the theoretical progress to understand this process, the expectations and implications under various particle physics models, and the nuclear physics challenges that affect the precise predictions of the decay half-life. We also provide a synopsis of the current and future large-scale experiments that aim to discover this process in physically well-motivated half-life ranges.

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Direct Evidence for Neutrino Flavor Transformation from Neutral-Current Interactions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Q. R. Ahmad, R C Allen, T. C. Andersen … (2002)

Observations of neutral-current nu interactions on deuterium in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory are reported. Using the neutral current (NC), elastic scattering, and charged current reactions and assuming the standard 8B shape, the nu(e) component of the 8B solar flux is phis(e) = 1.76(+0.05)(-0.05)(stat)(+0.09)(-0.09)(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1) for a kinetic energy threshold of 5 MeV. The non-nu(e) component is phi(mu)(tau) = 3.41(+0.45)(-0.45)(stat)(+0.48)(-0.45)(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1), 5.3sigma greater than zero, providing strong evidence for solar nu(e) flavor transformation. The total flux measured with the NC reaction is phi(NC) = 5.09(+0.44)(-0.43)(stat)(+0.46)(-0.43)(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1), consistent with solar models.

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First results from KamLAND: evidence for reactor antineutrino disappearance.

K Eguchi, S Enomoto, K Furuno … (2003)

KamLAND has measured the flux of nu;(e)'s from distant nuclear reactors. We find fewer nu;(e) events than expected from standard assumptions about nu;(e) propagation at the 99.95% C.L. In a 162 ton.yr exposure the ratio of the observed inverse beta-decay events to the expected number without nu;(e) disappearance is 0.611+/-0.085(stat)+/-0.041(syst) for nu;(e) energies >3.4 MeV. In the context of two-flavor neutrino oscillations with CPT invariance, all solutions to the solar neutrino problem except for the "large mixing angle" region are excluded.

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Teoria simmetrica dell’elettrone e del positrone

Ettore Majorana (1937)

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Author and article information

Journal

Title: Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science

Abbreviated Title: Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci.

Publisher: Annual Reviews

ISSN (Print): 0163-8998

ISSN (Electronic): 1545-4134

Publication date Created: October 19 2019

Publication date (Print): October 19 2019

Volume: 69

Issue: 1

Pages: 219-251

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;

[2 ]Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics, Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;

[3 ]Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany;