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      Heartbeat Sound Signal Classification Using Deep Learning

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          Abstract

          Presently, most deaths are caused by heart disease. To overcome this situation, heartbeat sound analysis is a convenient way to diagnose heart disease. Heartbeat sound classification is still a challenging problem in heart sound segmentation and feature extraction. Dataset-B applied in this study that contains three categories Normal, Murmur and Extra-systole heartbeat sound. In the purposed framework, we remove the noise from the heartbeat sound signal by applying the band filter, After that we fixed the size of the sampling rate of each sound signal. Then we applied down-sampling techniques to get more discriminant features and reduce the dimension of the frame rate. However, it does not affect the results and also decreases the computational power and time. Then we applied a purposed model Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) that is based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Dropout, Dense and Softmax layer. As a result, the purposed method is more competitive compared to other methods.

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          Most cited references35

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          Framewise phoneme classification with bidirectional LSTM and other neural network architectures.

          In this paper, we present bidirectional Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks, and a modified, full gradient version of the LSTM learning algorithm. We evaluate Bidirectional LSTM (BLSTM) and several other network architectures on the benchmark task of framewise phoneme classification, using the TIMIT database. Our main findings are that bidirectional networks outperform unidirectional ones, and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) is much faster and also more accurate than both standard Recurrent Neural Nets (RNNs) and time-windowed Multilayer Perceptrons (MLPs). Our results support the view that contextual information is crucial to speech processing, and suggest that BLSTM is an effective architecture with which to exploit it.
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            LSTM network: a deep learning approach for short-term traffic forecast

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              Text Classification Algorithms: A Survey

              In recent years, there has been an exponential growth in the number of complex documentsand texts that require a deeper understanding of machine learning methods to be able to accuratelyclassify texts in many applications. Many machine learning approaches have achieved surpassingresults in natural language processing. The success of these learning algorithms relies on their capacityto understand complex models and non-linear relationships within data. However, finding suitablestructures, architectures, and techniques for text classification is a challenge for researchers. In thispaper, a brief overview of text classification algorithms is discussed. This overview covers differenttext feature extractions, dimensionality reduction methods, existing algorithms and techniques, andevaluations methods. Finally, the limitations of each technique and their application in real-worldproblems are discussed.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Sensors (Basel)
                Sensors (Basel)
                sensors
                Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
                MDPI
                1424-8220
                05 November 2019
                November 2019
                : 19
                : 21
                : 4819
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Computer Science, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab 64200, Pakistan; meetaliraza@ 123456outlook.com (A.R.); arifnhmp@ 123456gmail.com (A.M.); maqsood.dba@ 123456gmail.com (M.A.)
                [2 ]Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38542, Korea
                [3 ]Department of Software Convergence Engineering, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Korea; bwon@ 123456kunsan.ac.kr
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: salimbzu@ 123456gmail.com (S.U.); castchoi@ 123456ynu.ac.kr (G.S.C.)
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3747-1263
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0854-768X
                Article
                sensors-19-04819
                10.3390/s19214819
                6864449
                31694339
                a0f2e452-ae0e-497e-a525-8c096d6e3165
                © 2019 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 04 October 2019
                : 31 October 2019
                Categories
                Article

                Biomedical engineering
                heart sound,classification,deep learning,rnn
                Biomedical engineering
                heart sound, classification, deep learning, rnn

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