Avaliação da função hepática em pacientes submetidos à artroplastia total do quadril em uso de enoxaparina

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Abstract

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as alterações hepáticas decorrentes do uso de enoxaparina para profilaxia da trombose venosa profunda em pacientes submetidos à artroplastia total do quadril. MÉTODOS: Trinta e dois pacientes submetidos à artroplastia total do quadril, em caráter eletivo, utilizando enoxaparina, foram acompanhados por 65 dias com dosagens seriadas das enzimas hepáticas. RESULTADOS: Foram encontradas alterações laboratoriais em até 75% dos pacientes durante o estudo, que normalizaram após a suspensão do tratamento. Não houve manifestação clínica de lesão hepática. CONCLUSÃO: As enzimas hepáticas elevam-se na maioria dos pacientes em uso de enoxaparina, sem correlação clínica, e normalizam após a suspensão do tratamento.

Translated abstract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate hepatic changes due to the use of enoxaparin for prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis in patients submitted to total hip arthroplasty. METHODS: Thirty two patients submitted to elective total hip arthroplasty, using enoxaparin, were followed up for 65 days with serial doses of hepatic enzymes. RESULTS: Laboratory changes were found in up to 75% of patients during the study, which normalized after suspension of the treatment. No clinical evidence of hepatic lesion was found. CONCLUSION: Increase in hepatic enzymes levels occurs in most patients using enoxaparin, but without clinical relevance, and normalizes after suspension of the treatment.

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Most cited references 10

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Enoxaparin and heparin comparison of deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis in total hip replacement patients.

Emre Acaroglu, H. Özdemir, Hakan Senaran … (2005)

We compared the efficacy and safety of standard heparin to that of low molecular weight heparin (Enoxaparin) in 100 hip replacement patients. A total of 100 patients who underwent total hip replacement surgery were randomised to receive a study medication. Enoxaparin was administered to 50 patients (prophylaxis with subcutaneous injection of 40 mg of Enoxaparin daily was initiated 12 h preoperatively), and heparin (subcutaneous standard heparin initiated 8 h preoperatively on a dose of 5,000 IU and continued to 15,000 IU per day in three equal dosages every 8 h) was given to 50 patients. Each treatment was continued until the patients were discharged from the hospital. They were made to undergo lower extremity duplex ultrasonography for deep vein thrombosis before discharge and discontinued from medication if no pathology was found. The primary parameter to determine the efficacy was the prevalence of venous thromboembolic disease. The primary parameter to determine safety was the prevalence of major bleeding. Two patients in the heparin group developed DVT, which was detected by routine duplex ultrasonography at the end of hospitalisation, and two patients in the exoparine group were detected with late DVT during the postoperative period of 6 weeks. Seven patients had minor and major bleeding in both the groups. Six patients in the heparin group discontinued from medication because of hepatic, renal dysfunctions, and serious discharges from the wound. Enoxaparin is as safe and as effective as standard heparin in total hip replacement surgery.

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Biologic tolerance of two different low molecular weight heparins.

H. M. Christiansen, M Lassen, L C Borris … (1991)

Heparin preparations have been used for prophylaxis and treatment of deep vein thrombosis for many years. Several biologic effects of heparin are known. Since 1978, there have been several reports about reversible elevation in serum values of AST and ALT in patients and healthy volunteers given heparin in small and high doses. Few studies report similar events in patients given LMW heparins. Results of two randomized studies (A and B) comprising 456 patients undergoing THR are presented. Two different compounds of LMW heparin (Logiparin or Enoxaparin) were used for thromboprophylaxis. Significant elevation during the postoperative period of AST and AP in study A, and AST, ALT, AP, LDH, and CK in study B were demonstrated in patients given LMW heparins in both studies. In study A the percentages of patients with normal preoperative values who reached pathologic values were 35% for AST and 15% for AP. In study B the percentages of patients with normal preoperative values who reached pathologic values were 36% for AST, 17% of ALT, 14% for AP, and 36% for LDH. The possible biologic mechanisms and the clinical perspectives are discussed. In all cases the changes in the liver enzymes returned to preoperative levels within 14 days.