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      Social Engagement and Elderly Health in China: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS)

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          Abstract

          This study examines the impact of social engagement on elderly health in China. A two-stage residual inclusion (2SRI) regression approach was used to examine the causal relationship. Our dataset comprises 9253 people aged 60 or above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) conducted in 2011 and 2013. Social engagement significantly improved the self-rated health of the elderly and reduced mental distress, but had no effect on chronic disease status. Compared with the rural areas, social engagement played a more important role in promoting the elderly health status in urban areas. Social engagement could affect the health status of the elderly through health behavior change and access to health resources. To improve the health of the elderly in China and promote healthy aging, the government should not only improve access to effective medical care but also encourage greater social engagement of the elderly.

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          Two-stage residual inclusion estimation: addressing endogeneity in health econometric modeling.

          Joseph V Terza, Anirban Basu, Paul Rathouz (2008)
          The paper focuses on two estimation methods that have been widely used to address endogeneity in empirical research in health economics and health services research-two-stage predictor substitution (2SPS) and two-stage residual inclusion (2SRI). 2SPS is the rote extension (to nonlinear models) of the popular linear two-stage least squares estimator. The 2SRI estimator is similar except that in the second-stage regression, the endogenous variables are not replaced by first-stage predictors. Instead, first-stage residuals are included as additional regressors. In a generic parametric framework, we show that 2SRI is consistent and 2SPS is not. Results from a simulation study and an illustrative example also recommend against 2SPS and favor 2SRI. Our findings are important given that there are many prominent examples of the application of inconsistent 2SPS in the recent literature. This study can be used as a guide by future researchers in health economics who are confronted with endogeneity in their empirical work.
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            Successful aging.

            J W Rowe, R L Kahn, Jennifer Unger (1997)
            Substantial increases in the relative and absolute number of older persons in our society pose a challenge for biology, social and behavioral science, and medicine. Successful aging is multidimensional, encompassing the avoidance of disease and disability, the maintenance of high physical and cognitive function, and sustained engagement in social and productive activities. Research has identified factors predictive of success in these critical domains. The stage is set for intervention studies to enhance the proportion of our population aging successfully.
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              Loneliness and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: Findings From the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey.

              Bao-Liang Zhong, Shu-Lin Chen, Xin Tu … (2017)
              To examine the relationship between loneliness and cognitive function and to explore the mediating role of physical health on the loneliness-cognition relationship in Chinese older adults (OAs).
              Article 0 comments Cited 101 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Environ Res Public Health
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Environ Res Public Health
                Journal ID (publisher-id): ijerph
                Title: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Print): 1661-7827
                ISSN (Electronic): 1660-4601
                Publication date (Electronic): 18 January 2019
                Publication date (Print): January 2019
                Volume: 16
                Issue: 2
                Electronic Location Identifier: 278
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Institute of Finance and Economics, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, NO.777, Guoding Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China; liu.jin@ 123456mail.shufe.edu.cn (J.L.); 15851732066@ 123456163.com (T.Z.)
                [2 ]Research Institute for Agriculture, Farmer and Rural Society in China, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, NO.777, Guoding Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China
                [3 ]Rural Education Action Program, Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; rozelle@ 123456stanford.edu (S.R.); ningyu@ 123456stanford.edu (N.Y.)
                Author notes
                Article
                Publisher ID: ijerph-16-00278
                DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16020278
                PMC ID: 6352065
                PubMed ID: 30669415
                SO-VID: a9c897ca-a0fe-49c1-8290-652b6dd9def0
                Copyright © © 2019 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 27 November 2018
                Date accepted : 14 January 2019
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: social engagement,elderly health,healthy aging,loneliness,2sri
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: social engagement, elderly health, healthy aging, loneliness, 2sri

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