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      The South Asian Summer Monsoon and Its Relationship with ENSO in the IPCC AR4 Simulations

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      Journal of Climate
      American Meteorological Society

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          Monsoons: Processes, predictability, and the prospects for prediction

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            Analyses of Global Monthly Precipitation Using Gauge Observations, Satellite Estimates, and Numerical Model Predictions

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              On the weakening relationship between the indian monsoon and ENSO

              Analysis of the 140-year historical record suggests that the inverse relationship between the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian summer monsoon (weak monsoon arising from warm ENSO event) has broken down in recent decades. Two possible reasons emerge from the analyses. A southeastward shift in the Walker circulation anomalies associated with ENSO events may lead to a reduced subsidence over the Indian region, thus favoring normal monsoon conditions. Additionally, increased surface temperatures over Eurasia in winter and spring, which are a part of the midlatitude continental warming trend, may favor the enhanced land-ocean thermal gradient conducive to a strong monsoon. These observations raise the possibility that the Eurasian warming in recent decades helps to sustain the monsoon rainfall at a normal level despite strong ENSO events.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal of Climate
                J. Climate
                American Meteorological Society
                0894-8755
                1520-0442
                March 2007
                March 2007
                : 20
                : 6
                : 1071-1092
                Article
                10.1175/JCLI4035.1
                abe065b3-6fbf-458f-8d6d-03b40ac255f2
                © 2007
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