Solamargine inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of CM-319 human chordoma cells through suppression of notch pathway

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Abstract

Background

Solamargine (SM), which represents a natural steroid alkaloid glycoside compound and a cytotoxic agent, has been proved to enhance the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to tumor necrosis factors (TNFs). In this study, we aimed to investigate the roles and mechanisms of SM in chordoma.

Methods

Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle were measured by cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) labeling and flow cytometry (FCM), respectively. Western blot and quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) assays were performed to detect the expressions of related mRNAs and proteins.

Results

The results revealed that SM distinctly suppressed the proliferation of CM-319 cells. SM significantly induced the CM-319 cells apoptosis through up-regulating the expression levels of Caspase-3/8/9. The cell cycle of CM-319 cells was blocked by SM in G1 phase. Moreover, SM could significantly suppress the Notch pathway in CM-319 cells.

Conclusions

In conclusion, SM suppressed the proliferation and enhanced the apoptosis ability of CM-319 cells via suppressing the Notch pathway. The results suggested that SM might be a novel therapeutic agent and supported the utilization of SM in chordoma.

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Most cited references 51

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Cancer statistics, 2007.

Ahmedin Jemal, Rebecca Siegel, Elizabeth Ward … (2007)

Each year, the American Cancer Society (ACS) estimates the number of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival based on incidence data from the National Cancer Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. This report considers incidence data through 2003 and mortality data through 2004. Incidence and death rates are age-standardized to the 2000 US standard million population. A total of 1,444,920 new cancer cases and 559,650 deaths for cancers are projected to occur in the United States in 2007. Notable trends in cancer incidence and mortality rates include stabilization of the age-standardized, delay-adjusted incidence rates for all cancers combined in men from 1995 through 2003; a continuing increase in the incidence rate by 0.3% per year in women; and a 13.6% total decrease in age-standardized cancer death rates among men and women combined between 1991 and 2004. This report also examines cancer incidence, mortality, and survival by site, sex, race/ethnicity, geographic area, and calendar year, as well as the proportionate contribution of selected sites to the overall trends. While the absolute number of cancer deaths decreased for the second consecutive year in the United States (by more than 3,000 from 2003 to 2004) and much progress has been made in reducing mortality rates and improving survival, cancer still accounts for more deaths than heart disease in persons under age 85 years. Further progress can be accelerated by supporting new discoveries and by applying existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population.

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Chordoma: incidence and survival patterns in the United States, 1973-1995.

M L McMaster, A Goldstein, C Bromley … (2001)

Chordoma, a rare tumor arising from notochordal remnants, has been described to date only by single-institution case series or small population-based surveys. We used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program of the National Cancer Institute, 1973-1995, to calculate age-adjusted incidence and survival rates for 400 cases of microscopically confirmed chordoma and to derive information regarding case distribution and risk of second cancer. The age-adjusted chordoma incidence rate (IR) of 0.08 per 100,000 was age-dependent, more common in males (IR 0.10) than females (IR 0.06) and rare among patients aged <40 years and blacks. Within the axial skeleton 32% of cases were cranial, 32.8% spinal and 29.2% sacral. Young age (<26 years; p = 0.0001) and female sex (p = 0.037) were associated with greater likelihood of cranial presentation. There was no overall increased risk for second primary cancers after chordoma. Median survival was 6.29 years; 5- and 10-year relative survival rates were 67.6% and 39.9%, respectively. Comparison with other bone sarcomas revealed racial disparities in incidence for the two developmental tumors, chordoma and Ewing's sarcoma. This study provides new data regarding incidence and survival patterns of chordoma in the US. Additional epidemiologic studies are required to elucidate the genetic and environmental determinants underlying this rare, distinctive neoplasm.

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Notch signaling: from the outside in.

Jeffrey Mumm, Raphael Kopan (2000)

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Transl Cancer Res

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Transl Cancer Res

Journal ID (publisher-id): TCR

Title: Translational Cancer Research

Publisher: AME Publishing Company

ISSN (Print): 2218-676X

ISSN (Electronic): 2219-6803

Publication date (Print and electronic): April 2019

Publication date (Print): April 2019

Volume: 8

Issue: 2

Pages: 509-519

Affiliations

[1]deptDepartment of Otolaryngology , Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University , Beijing 100053, China

Author notes

Contributions: (I) Conception and design: J Liu; (II) Administrative support: Z Wang, Y Qi; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: C Xu; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: J Liu, Q Zhang; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: J Liu, C Xu; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors.

Correspondence to: Qiuhang Zhang. Department of Otolaryngology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China. Email: zqhang_qhzh@ 123456163.com .

Article

Publisher ID: tcr-08-02-509

DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2019.03.07

PMC ID: 8798112

PubMed ID: 35116783

SO-VID: acf3a0c0-1b16-47dd-b53a-fe7cdc3612a9

License:

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

Solamargine inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of CM-319 human chordoma cells through suppression of notch pathway

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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Gamma Delta T cells

Most cited references 51

Cancer statistics, 2007.

Chordoma: incidence and survival patterns in the United States, 1973-1995.

Notch signaling: from the outside in.

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