Comparing in-Person and Telepractice Service Delivery for Spoken Language Production and Comprehension Using the National Outcomes Measurement System

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Abstract

The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) developed the National Outcomes Measurement System for aggregating standardized patient outcomes. Outcomes are standardized using Functional Communication Measures (FCM), scales designed to describe communicative function across specific areas of clinical need. This investigation compared in-person and telepractice service delivery for children in elementary school settings who received treatment targeting the FCM categories of either “spoken language production” or “spoken language comprehension.” De-identified cases were secured from ASHA's NOMS database and the database of a private e-learning provider that implemented the NOMS format. There were minimal significant differences in the median change scores between the traditional and telepractice interventions. These results support comparable treatment outcomes between in-person service delivery and telepractice for treatment of children exhibiting impaired spoken language production or spoken language comprehension in an elementary school setting.

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Most cited references 33

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Effect size estimates: current use, calculations, and interpretation.

Catherine O Fritz, Peter Morris, Jennifer J. Richler (2012)

The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (American Psychological Association, 2001, American Psychological Association, 2010) calls for the reporting of effect sizes and their confidence intervals. Estimates of effect size are useful for determining the practical or theoretical importance of an effect, the relative contributions of factors, and the power of an analysis. We surveyed articles published in 2009 and 2010 in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, noting the statistical analyses reported and the associated reporting of effect size estimates. Effect sizes were reported for fewer than half of the analyses; no article reported a confidence interval for an effect size. The most often reported analysis was analysis of variance, and almost half of these reports were not accompanied by effect sizes. Partial η2 was the most commonly reported effect size estimate for analysis of variance. For t tests, 2/3 of the articles did not report an associated effect size estimate; Cohen's d was the most often reported. We provide a straightforward guide to understanding, selecting, calculating, and interpreting effect sizes for many types of data and to methods for calculating effect size confidence intervals and power analysis.

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Systematic review: the relationship between clinical experience and quality of health care.

Niteesh K. Choudhry, Robert Fletcher, Stephen B Soumerai (2005)

Physicians with more experience are generally believed to have accumulated knowledge and skills during years in practice and therefore to deliver high-quality care. However, evidence suggests that there is an inverse relationship between the number of years that a physician has been in practice and the quality of care that the physician provides. To systematically review studies relating medical knowledge and health care quality to years in practice and physician age. English-language articles in MEDLINE from 1966 to June 2004 and reference lists of retrieved articles. Studies that provided empirical results about knowledge or a quality-of-care outcome and included years since graduation or physician age as explanatory variables. We categorized studies on the basis of the nature of the association between years in practice or age and performance. Overall, 32 of the 62 (52%) evaluations reported decreasing performance with increasing years in practice for all outcomes assessed; 13 (21%) reported decreasing performance with increasing experience for some outcomes but no association for others; 2 (3%) reported that performance initially increased with increasing experience, peaked, and then decreased (concave relationship); 13 (21%) reported no association; 1 (2%) reported increasing performance with increasing years in practice for some outcomes but no association for others; and 1 (2%) reported increasing performance with increasing years in practice for all outcomes. Results did not change substantially when the analysis was restricted to studies that used the most objective outcome measures. Because of the lack of reliable search terms for physician experience, reports that provided relevant data may have been missed. Physicians who have been in practice longer may be at risk for providing lower-quality care. Therefore, this subgroup of physicians may need quality improvement interventions.

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Challenges and opportunities facing medical education.

Peter Densen (2011)

Medical education is at a crossroads. Although unique features exist at the undergraduate, graduate, and continuing education levels, shared aspects of all three levels are especially revealing, and form the basis for informed decision-making about the future of medical education.This paper describes some of the internal and external challenges confronting undergraduate medical education. Key internal challenges include the focus on disease to the relative exclusion of behavior, inpatient versus outpatient education, and implications of a faculty whose research is highly focused at the molecular or submolecular level. External factors include the exponential growth in knowledge, associated technologic ("disruptive") innovations, and societal changes. Addressing these challenges requires decisive institutional leadership with an eye to 2020 and beyond--the period in which current matriculants will begin their careers. This paper presents a spiral-model format for a curriculum of medical education, based on disease mechanisms, that addresses many of these challenges and incorporates sound educational principles.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Telerehabil

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Telerehabil

Journal ID (publisher-id): ijt

Title: International Journal of Telerehabilitation

Publisher: University Library System, University of Pittsburgh

ISSN (Electronic): 1945-2020

Publication date (Electronic, pub): 22 June 2021

Publication date (Electronic, collection): 2021

Volume: 13

Issue: 1

Electronic Location Identifier: e6373

Affiliations

[1 ] Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, College of Health Professions, Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas, USA

[2 ] Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Fort Hays State University, Hays, Kansas, USA

[3 ] Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA

Article

Publisher ID: ijt.2021.6373

DOI: 10.5195/ijt.2021.6373

PMC ID: 8287699

PubMed ID: 34345347

SO-VID: adef27de-df09-4565-9461-1faf5fcb885c

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Comparing in-Person and Telepractice Service Delivery for Spoken Language Production and Comprehension Using the National Outcomes Measurement System

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RNA drug delivery

Most cited references 33

Effect size estimates: current use, calculations, and interpretation.

Systematic review: the relationship between clinical experience and quality of health care.

Challenges and opportunities facing medical education.

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