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      A Case of Sparganosis mansoni in the Thigh: Serological Validation of Cure Following Surgery

      case-report

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          Abstract

          Cases of Sparganum mansoni, caused by the plerocercoid larva of the tapeworm S. mansoni, occur throughout the world, particularly in Asian, Middle Eastern, and European countries. However, cases of infection with this parasite are rarely seen in Japan. Here, we present a case of a 61-year-old woman with a solitary subcutaneous nodule in left inner aspect of the thigh, from which a long, slender, whitish worm was surgically removed. The parasite was histopathologically identified as S. mansoni. Serological testing confirmed cure of the infection after surgical removal of the parasite. The authors advocate immunoserological examination in case of S. mansoni.

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          Human sparganosis in Thailand: an overview.

          Yuvadee Vanvanitchai, Malinee T Anantaphruti, Yukifumi Nawa (2011)
          Human sparganosis is caused by cestode larvae (spargana) of the genus Spirometra, which exploit copepods as the first intermediate host. A wide range of amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals serve as second intermediate/paratenic hosts. Human infections occur mainly by ingesting raw intermediate/paratenic hosts. Cases are found mainly in China, Japan and Korea, and sporadically also in Thailand and other Asian countries. In the period 1943-2010, there were 52 reported cases of sparganosis in Thailand. The average patient age was 32 years (range 11-82 years). From the available patient information, the prevalence of sparganosis infection was higher among females than males, at a ratio of F:M=2:1 (27:15). Patients have mainly been found in the northeast, north, and central regions of Thailand, with only a few in the south. Although a single subcutaneous nodular lesion was the most common feature, about one third of patients had ocular lesions. In particular, patients having ocular lesions were about half of total cases reported pre-1990, with several confirmed cases' applying fresh frog muscle as a poultice to relieve sore eyes, according to traditional medicine. In Thailand, sparganosis is not merely a food-borne disease but is also caused by the traditional belief of applying frog muscles (contaminated with sparganum) to sore eyes. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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            Cutaneous sparganosis.

            Jennifer M. Ryan, M. Griffin, K Tompkins (1996)
            Sparganosis is an infection caused by migrating larvae of the cestode genus Spirometra. There have been approximately 62 cases of sparganosis reported in the United States. Although a subcutaneous mass is the most common manifestation, sparganosis is not well-described in the dermatology literature. We present a case of cutaneous sparganosis in a 52-year-old Filipino American woman. Histologically, the sections showed a granulomatous panniculitis and dermatitis containing a section of a sparganum. A transverse section of an intact sparganum reveals an eosinophilic cuticle, loose stroma, calcareous bodies, and smooth muscle fibers.
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              Immunodiagnosis of human sparganosis mansoni by micro-chemiluminescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

              T. Nishiyama, T Ide, S Himes … (2015)
              We compared a microcolorimetric enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (colorimetric ELISA) and a microchemiluminescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (chemiluminescence ELISA) for the detection of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the serum of 9 patients with sparganosis mansoni and 9 healthy controls. The chemiluminescence ELISA was able to measure serum levels of specific IgG over a far wider range than the colorimetric assay, and its detection limit was at least 10-fold lower. An additional 5 sera from sparganosis patients and 5 more from healthy controls, together with sera from 28 patients with other parasitic diseases, were also examined by the chemiluminescence ELISA. All 14 patients with sparaganosis mansoni showed high levels of chemiluminescence (21,302 +/- 18,907 counts per second [cps]). All sera from the 14 healthy controls (1580 +/- 569 cps) and sera from 27 of the 28 patients with other parasites (4 with taeniasis saginata [1767 +/- 501 cps], 11 with diphyllobothriasis latum [1479 +/- 501 cps], 13 with cysticercosis cellulosae [2376 +/- 1437 cps]) showed chemiluminescence levels lower than those of any of the sparganosis mansoni patients. The exception was a patient with cysticercosis (5980 cps), who may have had a dual infection with Cysticercus cellulosae and Sparganum mansoni. Thus, the chemiluminescence ELISA demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for human sparganosis mansoni.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Iran J Parasitol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Iran J Parasitol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): IJPA
                Title: Iranian Journal of Parasitology
                Publisher: Tehran University of Medical Sciences
                ISSN (Print): 1735-7020
                ISSN (Electronic): 2008-238X
                Publication date (Print): 2012
                Volume: 7
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 103-106
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Dept. of Dermatology, Iizuka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
                [2 ]Dept. of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan
                Author notes
                [* ] Corresponding author: Email: allheart@ 123456dermatol.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
                Article
                Publisher ID: IJPA-7-103
                PMC ID: 3469180
                PubMed ID: 23109970
                SO-VID: af7216d1-b98c-44d9-872a-9a6ddda1ff41
                Copyright © © 2012 Iranian Society of Parasitology & Tehran University of Medical Sciences
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 15 February 2012
                Date accepted : 18 July 2012
                Categories
                Subject: Case Report

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Parasitology
                Keywords: ultrasonography,surgery,elisa,sparganosis
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Parasitology
                Keywords: ultrasonography, surgery, elisa, sparganosis

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