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      Crops that feed the world 10. Past successes and future challenges to the role played by wheat in global food security

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          Adoption of Agricultural Innovations in Developing Countries: A Survey

          Gershon Feder, Richard Just, David Zilberman (1985)
          Article 0 comments Cited 366 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Heat and drought adaptive QTL in a wheat population designed to minimize confounding agronomic effects

            R. Pinto, Matthew P. Reynolds, Ky L Mathews … (2010)
            A restricted range in height and phenology of the elite Seri/Babax recombinant inbred line (RIL) population makes it ideal for physiological and genetic studies. Previous research has shown differential expression for yield under water deficit associated with canopy temperature (CT). In the current study, 167 RILs plus parents were phenotyped under drought (DRT), hot irrigated (HOT), and temperate irrigated (IRR) environments to identify the genomic regions associated with stress-adaptive traits. In total, 104 QTL were identified across a combination of 115 traits × 3 environments × 2 years, of which 14, 16, and 10 QTL were associated exclusively with DRT, HOT, and IRR, respectively. Six genomic regions were related to a large number of traits, namely 1B-a, 2B-a, 3B-b, 4A-a, 4A-b, and 5A-a. A yield QTL located on 4A-a explained 27 and 17% of variation under drought and heat stress, respectively. At the same location, a QTL explained 28% of the variation in CT under heat, while 14% of CT variation under drought was explained by a QTL on 3B-b. The T1BL.1RS (rye) translocation donated by the Seri parent was associated with decreased yield in this population. There was no co-location of consistent yield and phenology or height-related QTL, highlighting the utility of using a population with a restricted range in anthesis to facilitate QTL studies. Common QTL for drought and heat stress traits were identified on 1B-a, 2B-a, 3B-b, 4A-a, 4B-b, and 7A-a confirming their generic value across stresses. Yield QTL were shown to be associated with components of other traits, supporting the prospects for dissecting crop performance into its physiological and genetic components in order to facilitate a more strategic approach to breeding. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00122-010-1351-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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              Raising yield potential of wheat. II. Increasing photosynthetic capacity and efficiency.

              Robert Furbank, A. G. Condon, Christine Raines … (2010)
              Past increases in yield potential of wheat have largely resulted from improvements in harvest index rather than increased biomass. Further large increases in harvest index are unlikely, but an opportunity exists for increasing productive biomass and harvestable grain. Photosynthetic capacity and efficiency are bottlenecks to raising productivity and there is strong evidence that increasing photosynthesis will increase crop yields provided that other constraints do not become limiting. Even small increases in the rate of net photosynthesis can translate into large increases in biomass and hence yield, since carbon assimilation is integrated over the entire growing season and crop canopy. This review discusses the strategies to increase photosynthesis that are being proposed by the wheat yield consortium in order to increase wheat yields. These include: selection for photosynthetic capacity and efficiency, increasing ear photosynthesis, optimizing canopy photosynthesis, introducing chloroplast CO(2) pumps, increasing RuBP regeneration, improving the thermal stability of Rubisco activase, and replacing wheat Rubisco with that from other species with different kinetic properties.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Food Security
                Abbreviated Title: Food Sec.
                Publisher: Springer Nature
                ISSN (Print): 1876-4517
                ISSN (Electronic): 1876-4525
                Publication date Created: June 2013
                Publication date (Print): April 2013
                Volume: 5
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 291-317
                Article
                DOI: 10.1007/s12571-013-0263-y
                SO-VID: af86abeb-b450-42f4-9faa-1c06cbfae45a
                Copyright © © 2013
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