For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
136
views
13
references
 Top references
cited by
293
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      4,839
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: not found
      • Article: not found

      Genome Expansion and Gene Loss in Powdery Mildew Fungi Reveal Tradeoffs in Extreme Parasitism

      Author(s): 1 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 1 , 4 , 5 , 5 , 6 , 1 , 7 , 3 , 6 , 5 , 4 , 5 , 1 , 1 , 5 , 5 , 8 , 1 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 10 , 2 , 8 , 9 , 12 , 10 , 2 , 9 , 13 , 5 , 5 , 5 , 2 , 6 , 5 , 5 , 10 , 5 , 9 , 1 , 5 , 5 , 14 , 14 , 12 , 2 , 13 , 5 , 15 , 5 , 5 , 7 , 5 , 5 , 5 , 12 , 7 , 5 , 14 , 5
      Publication date Created:
      Publication date (Print):
      Journal: Science
      Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPubMed
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Powdery mildews are phytopathogens whose growth and reproduction are entirely dependent on living plant cells. The molecular basis of this life-style, obligate biotrophy, remains unknown. We present the genome analysis of barley powdery mildew, Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Blumeria), as well as a comparison with the analysis of two powdery mildews pathogenic on dicotyledonous plants. These genomes display massive retrotransposon proliferation, genome-size expansion, and gene losses. The missing genes encode enzymes of primary and secondary metabolism, carbohydrate-active enzymes, and transporters, probably reflecting their redundancy in an exclusively biotrophic life-style. Among the 248 candidate effectors of pathogenesis identified in the Blumeria genome, very few (less than 10) define a core set conserved in all three mildews, suggesting that most effectors represent species-specific adaptations.

          Related collections

          Most cited references13

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: found
          Is Open Access

          The Carbohydrate-Active EnZymes database (CAZy): an expert resource for Glycogenomics

          Brandi L Cantarel, Pedro M Coutinho, Corinne Rancurel … (2009)
          The Carbohydrate-Active Enzyme (CAZy) database is a knowledge-based resource specialized in the enzymes that build and breakdown complex carbohydrates and glycoconjugates. As of September 2008, the database describes the present knowledge on 113 glycoside hydrolase, 91 glycosyltransferase, 19 polysaccharide lyase, 15 carbohydrate esterase and 52 carbohydrate-binding module families. These families are created based on experimentally characterized proteins and are populated by sequences from public databases with significant similarity. Protein biochemical information is continuously curated based on the available literature and structural information. Over 6400 proteins have assigned EC numbers and 700 proteins have a PDB structure. The classification (i) reflects the structural features of these enzymes better than their sole substrate specificity, (ii) helps to reveal the evolutionary relationships between these enzymes and (iii) provides a convenient framework to understand mechanistic properties. This resource has been available for over 10 years to the scientific community, contributing to information dissemination and providing a transversal nomenclature to glycobiologists. More recently, this resource has been used to improve the quality of functional predictions of a number genome projects by providing expert annotation. The CAZy resource resides at URL: http://www.cazy.org/.
          Article 0 comments Cited 599 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Contrasting mechanisms of defense against biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens.

            Jane Glazebrook (2005)
            It has been suggested that effective defense against biotrophic pathogens is largely due to programmed cell death in the host, and to associated activation of defense responses regulated by the salicylic acid-dependent pathway. In contrast, necrotrophic pathogens benefit from host cell death, so they are not limited by cell death and salicylic acid-dependent defenses, but rather by a different set of defense responses activated by jasmonic acid and ethylene signaling. This review summarizes results from Arabidopsis-pathogen systems regarding the contributions of various defense responses to resistance to several biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens. While the model above seems generally correct, there are exceptions and additional complexities.
            Article 0 comments Cited 497 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: found
              Is Open Access

              Aggressive assembly of pyrosequencing reads with mates

              Jason R. Miller, Arthur L. Delcher, Sergey Koren … (2008)
              Motivation: DNA sequence reads from Sanger and pyrosequencing platforms differ in cost, accuracy, typical coverage, average read length and the variety of available paired-end protocols. Both read types can complement one another in a ‘hybrid’ approach to whole-genome shotgun sequencing projects, but assembly software must be modified to accommodate their different characteristics. This is true even of pyrosequencing mated and unmated read combinations. Without special modifications, assemblers tuned for homogeneous sequence data may perform poorly on hybrid data. Results: Celera Assembler was modified for combinations of ABI 3730 and 454 FLX reads. The revised pipeline called CABOG (Celera Assembler with the Best Overlap Graph) is robust to homopolymer run length uncertainty, high read coverage and heterogeneous read lengths. In tests on four genomes, it generated the longest contigs among all assemblers tested. It exploited the mate constraints provided by paired-end reads from either platform to build larger contigs and scaffolds, which were validated by comparison to a finished reference sequence. A low rate of contig mis-assembly was detected in some CABOG assemblies, but this was reduced in the presence of sufficient mate pair data. Availability: The software is freely available as open-source from http://wgs-assembler.sf.net under the GNU Public License. Contact: jmiller@jcvi.org Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
              Article 0 comments Cited 263 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Science
                Abbreviated Title: Science
                Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
                ISSN (Print): 0036-8075
                ISSN (Electronic): 1095-9203
                Publication date Created: December 10 2010
                Publication date (Print): December 10 2010
                Volume: 330
                Issue: 6010
                Pages: 1543-1546
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
                [2 ]Institute National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unite de Recherche Genomique Info, Versailles, France.
                [3 ]INRA, Unite BIOGER-CPP, Grignon, France.
                [4 ]School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
                [5 ]Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany.
                [6 ]Department of Disease and Stress Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK.
                [7 ]Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
                [8 ]Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
                [9 ]Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
                [10 ]U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service Grape Genetics Research Unit, Geneva, NY 14853, USA.
                [11 ]Department of Plant Pathology and Plant Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA.
                [12 ]Department of Agriculture and Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
                [13 ]Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
                [14 ]Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
                [15 ]Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA) and E.T.S.I. Agrónomos Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
                Article
                DOI: 10.1126/science.1194573
                PubMed ID: 21148392
                SO-VID: b06560d1-e4d1-4714-80a7-96a004c5fe5a
                Copyright © © 2010
                History

                Data availability:

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content4,839

                See all similar

                Cited by270

                See all cited by