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      NATURAL DISASTERS: ALTRUISM, INTERESTS, AND OPPORTUNITIES Translated title: DESASTRES NATURAIS: ALTRUÍSMO, INTERESSES E OPORTUNIDADES

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          Abstract

          Abstract Adversities are mostly investigated and debated according to their negative impacts and to the emergency action they demand. This article presents the results of research on the paradoxical potentialities (positive externalities) that might emerge from them. Its main approach is provided by interviews with local agents responding to the 2011 Disaster in the State of Rio de Janeiro and by international aid agencies. The main topics discussed here are: solidarity as an asset that goes beyond altruism, the distinguished role of the media and the state as regulator agents of such solidarity, and the increasing importance of international aid agencies. This empirical study is based on a series of interviews with selected international aid agencies according to their global activity and volume of resources administered. The conclusions indicate that potentialities may be recognized as real assets in post-disaster action; however, they are not easily understood by policymakers.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Adversidades são recorrentemente investigadas pela perspectiva de impactos negativos, ação emergencial que demandam e exacerbação das desigualdades sociais que revelam. A partir da perspectiva de agentes locais e de agências internacionais de apoio, o artigo discute as paradoxais potencialidades ou externalidades positivas em contextos pós-desastres, a solidariedade como fator que se qualifica para além do altruísmo e o papel da mídia e do estado como agentes reguladores dessas mesmas solidariedades e oportunidades. Apoia-se em dois conjuntos de entrevistas: 1) Agentes municipais atuantes na resposta ao desastre natural de 2011 no Estado do Rio de Janeiro; e 2) Representantes de agências internacionais de ajuda. Conclusões indicam que há avanços significativos no contexto estudado e que potencialidades oportunizadas por momentos pós-desastre são concretas, porém de difícil apreensão e assimilação por políticas públicas.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen Desastres se investigan sobre todo desde la perspectiva de sus impactos negativos y de sus exigencias emergenciales. Este artículo presenta resultados de investigación sobre los potenciales paradójicos que puedan resultar de ellos. Presentamos un debate sobre el potencial desde la perspectiva de actores locales frente al desastre natural de 2011 en Rio de Janeiro y de las agencias de ayuda internacionales. Los puntos de interés mayor son: el rol de la solidaridad como algo más que el altruismo, los medios de comunicación y el estado como reguladores de esta solidaridad, y la creciente importancia de la agencias internacionales de ayuda al nivel local y global. El estudio empírico se fundamenta en una serie de entrevistas con personal de agencias de ayuda internacionales con distinción en su actuación global y cantidad de recursos disponibles. Resultados sugieren la concretude de estas potencialidades, pero estas siguen siendo poco consideradas por políticas públicas.

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          Most cited references37

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          Social capital: a missing link to disaster recovery

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            Humanitarian crises: what determines the level of emergency assistance? Media coverage, donor interests and the aid business.

            This paper proposes a basic hypothesis that the volume of emergency assistance any humanitarian crisis attracts is determined by three main factors working either in conjunction or individually. First, it depends on the intensity of media coverage. Second, it depends on the degree of political interest, particularly related to security, that donor governments have in a particular region. Third, the volume of emergency aid depends on strength of humanitarian NGOs and international organisations present in a specific country experiencing a humanitarian emergency. The empirical analysis of a number of emergency situations is carried out based on material that has never been published before. The paper concludes that only occasionally do the media play a decisive role in influencing donors. Rather, the security interests of Western donors are important together with the presence and strength of humanitarian stakeholders, such as NGOs and international organisations lobbying donor governments.
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              Development and Security: Origins and Future

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                asoc
                Ambiente & Sociedade
                Ambient. soc.
                ANPPAS - Revista Ambiente e Sociedade (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                1414-753X
                1809-4422
                June 2017
                : 20
                : 2
                : 1-18
                Affiliations
                [2] orgnamePontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná orgdiv1Graduate Program in Urban Management Brazil ultramari@ 123456yahoo.com
                [3] Paraná orgnameUniversidade Positivo Brazil tamiszuchman@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S1414-753X2017000200001
                10.1590/1809-4422asoc173r2v2022017
                b38e7b97-b883-4baa-affe-b0f5829293ff

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 July 2015
                : 02 November 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 18
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                International aid agencies,Natural disasters,International solidarity,Agências Internacionais de Ajuda,Desastres Naturais,Solidariedade Internacional,Organismos Internacionales de Ayuda,Desastres Naturales,Solidaridad Internacional

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