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      Special Issue: “Non-Destructive Testing of Structures”

      editorial

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          Abstract

          The Special Issue “Non-Destructive Testing of Structures” has been proposed to present recent developments in the field of diagnostics of structural materials and components in civil and mechanical engineering. The papers highlighted in this editorial concern various aspects of non-invasive diagnostics, including such topics as condition assessments of civil and mechanical structures and connections of structural elements, the inspection of cultural heritage monuments, the testing of structural materials, structural health monitoring systems, the integration of non-destructive testing methods, advanced signal processing for the non-destructive testing of structures (NDT), damage detection and damage imaging, as well as modeling and numerical analyses for supporting structural health monitoring (SHM) systems.

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          Detection of Delamination with Various Width-to-depth Ratios in Concrete Bridge Deck Using Passive IRT: Limits and Applicability

          Van Ha Mac, Quang Huy Tran, Jungwon Huh … (2019)
          In bridge structures, concrete decks have a higher risk of damage than other components owing to the direct impact of traffic. This study aims to develop a comprehensive system for bridge inspection using passive infrared thermography (IRT). Experiments were conducted on a concrete specimen (assumed as the surface of the bridge deck) embedded artificial delaminations with different width-to-depth ratios (WTDRs). Both professional handheld IR camera (H-IRC) and a UAV mounted with an IR camera (UAV-IRC) were employed simultaneously to capture the surface temperature of the structure. The present work indicates that the passive IRT technique with an H-IRC can be used to detect delaminations located at depths of 4 cm or less from the structure surface if the WTDRs are not lesser than 1.9 for daytime and 2.5 for nighttime when testing on a sunny day. In addition, the larger the WTDR, the higher the temperature difference can be produced, thus delaminations could be observed more clearly. Furthermore, our study suggests that the concrete bridge deck inspection using passive IRT can produce appropriate results if the inspection is performed from 10:00 to 15:00 or from 19:30 to approximately 2:00 on a sunny day. Good agreement between the results obtained from tests using H-IRC and UAV-IRC was observed, which validates the application of UAV-IRC in real structure inspection.
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            Evaluation of Cracking Patterns in Cement Composites—From Basics to Advances: A Review

            Maciej Szeląg (2020)
            The structure and the development degree of a cracking pattern has a key impact on the durability of cement composites. This literature review focuses on the four most important aspects related to the evaluation of the surface cracking patterns, i.e., the process of formation, propagation and evolution of cracks into a branched system of cracks from the point of view of the fracture mechanics; the detection techniques of the cracking patterns on the surface of cement composites, where the tools of computer image analysis are the most used; parameters which can quantify the development degree and morphology of the cracks system; and also the influence of a cracking pattern on the functional features of cement composites. The studies described so far indicate the necessity of continuous development of this research area, because the knowledge of key relationships between the cracking patterns and functional properties of a cement composite is necessary to estimate the degree of material degradation. Researchers agree that the works carried out in the field of evaluation of the cracking patterns, to a large extent, contributes to the development of non-destructive testing methods in the field of cement composites technology.
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              Comparison of Non-Destructive Techniques for Technological Bridge Deflection Testing

              Jacek Kwiatkowski, Wojciech Anigacz, Damian Beben (2020)
              This paper presents a comparison and assessment of usefulness of various measuring techniques (terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), tachymetry, photogrammetry) applied to establish the behavior of a suspension bridge under different load scenarios. The applied techniques were examined on the bridge with a 165 m span. The tested structure works as the technological bridge for a belt conveyor linking a lime mine and cement plant. The testing range consisted of conducting the non-contact measuring of the bridge and cable displacements under dynamic loads (during the belt conveyor movement—normal service loads) and static loads (while stopped). Tachymetric surveys were carried out using a precise total station (to obtain the reference data). A Canon 750D digital camera was applied in the photogrammetry technique. FARO Focus 3D and Trimble TX8 scanners were employed for the TLS measuring. The obtained results are especially important for bridge inspectors and managers who can use the non-contact measurements of serviced structures.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Materials (Basel)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Materials (Basel)
                Journal ID (publisher-id): materials
                Title: Materials
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 1996-1944
                Publication date (Electronic): 06 November 2020
                Publication date Collection: November 2020
                Volume: 13
                Issue: 21
                Electronic Location Identifier: 4996
                Affiliations
                Department of Mechanics of Materials and Structures, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; magdalena.rucka@ 123456pg.edu.pl or mrucka@ 123456pg.edu.pl ; Tel.: +48-58-347-1891
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7870-281X
                Article
                Publisher ID: materials-13-04996
                DOI: 10.3390/ma13214996
                PMC ID: 7664174
                PubMed ID: 33171907
                SO-VID: b3eb2bf0-adaf-422c-b408-362f99eb4045
                Copyright © © 2020 by the author.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 31 October 2020
                Date accepted : 03 November 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Editorial

                Keywords: non-destructive testing,structural health monitoring,civil engineering structures,mechanical structures,damage detection and visualization,modeling and simulations
                Data availability:
                Keywords: non-destructive testing, structural health monitoring, civil engineering structures, mechanical structures, damage detection and visualization, modeling and simulations

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