Ictioarqueología del Sitio La Bellaca 2 (Pdo. de Tigre, Pcia. de Buenos Aires)Informe preliminar

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Abstract

En este trabajo se presenta un análisis preliminar del registro ictioarqueológico proveniente del sitio 2 de La Bellaca (Pdo. de Tigre, Pcia. de Buenos Aires). Dicho depósito se encuentra ubicado en el ambiente de "Bajíos ribereños" y fue generado por grupos de cazadores-recolectores-pescadores del Holoceno Tardío. Para el análisis de los conjuntos ictioarqueológicos, además de su identificación y cuantificación taxonómica y anatómica, se evaluaron diferentes aspectos tafonómicos. En tal sentido, se consideró si existieron o no probables situaciones de sobredimensión de la muestra debido a la acción de procesos naturales, así como otros factores (naturales y culturales) relativos al estado de conservación e integridad general de la misma. En función de los resultados obtenidos se discuten una serie de hipótesis relacionadas con las potenciales estrategias y tácticas relacionadas con la explotación de la ictiofauna en el nordeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires entre 1.500-500 años AP.

Translated abstract

In this paper we present a preliminary analysis of the ichtyoarchaeological record from La Bellaca Site 2 (Partido de Tigre, Buenos Aires province). The deposit is located in the environment known as "Bajíos ribereños", and was generated by Late Holocene hunter-gatherer-fishers. For the analysis of the ichtyoarchaeological assemblages -besides its identification and anatomical and taxonomic quantification- we evaluated several taphonomic aspects. In this sense, we examined whether probable situations of over-representation of the sample due to the action of natural processes, as well as other factors (natural and cultural) relating to its state of preservation and general integrity, had taken place or not. Given the results obtained, we discuss a number of hypotheses related to the potential strategies and tactics employed in the exploitation of ichtyofauna in the northeast of Buenos Aires province between 1500 and 500 years BP.

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Taphonomic and ecologic information from bone weathering

Anna K. Behrensmeyer (1978)

Bones of recent mammals in the Amboseli Basin, southern Kenya, exhibit distinctive weathering characteristics that can be related to the time since death and to the local conditions of temperature, humidity and soil chemistry. A categorization of weathering characteristics into six stages, recognizable on descriptive criteria, provides a basis for investigation of weathering rates and processes. The time necessary to achieve each successive weathering stage has been calibrated using known-age carcasses. Most bones decompose beyond recognition in 10 to 15 yr. Bones of animals under 100 kg and juveniles appear to weather more rapidly than bones of large animals or adults. Small-scale rather than widespread environmental factors seem to have greatest influence on weathering characteristics and rates. Bone weathering is potentially valuable as evidence for the period of time represented in recent or fossil bone assemblages, including those on archeological sites, and may also be an important tool in censusing populations of animals in modern ecosystems.