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      Glucose stimulates proinsulin biosynthesis by a dose-dependent recruitment of pancreatic beta cells.

      Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
      Animals, Autoradiography, Cell Separation, Cells, Cultured, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Glucose, pharmacology, In Vitro Techniques, Islets of Langerhans, cytology, metabolism, Proinsulin, biosynthesis, Rats

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          Abstract

          Glucose is a well-known stimulus of proinsulin biosynthesis. In purified beta cells, the sugar induces a 25-fold increase in the synthesis of insulin immunoreactive material over 60-min incubation. Autoradiographic analysis of the individual cells shows that this effect is achieved via dose-dependent recruitment of pancreatic beta cells to biosynthetic activity. Recruitment of beta cells is also seen in isolated islets exposed to glucose. The sigmoidal dose-response curve for glucose-induced proinsulin biosynthesis thus reflects a heterogeneous responsiveness of pancreatic beta cells rather than a progressively increasing activity of functionally homogeneous cells. Dose-dependent recruitment of functionally diverse cells may be a ubiquitous mechanism in tissue function.

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