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      Authors - publish your SDGs-related research with EDP Sciences. Find out more.

      Authors - did you know EPJ Photovoltaics has been awarded the DOAJ Seal for “best practice in open access publishing”?

      • Indexed in Web of Science (Emerging Sources Citation Index) and Scopus
      • Part of the European Physical Journal (EPJ) series of peer-reviewed journals covering the whole spectrum of pure and applied physics, including related interdisciplinary subjects 

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      The use of liquid-phase method from DMSO solutions for synthesis of CZTS thin film materials

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          Abstract

          The possibility of synthesis of CZTS thin films on glass substrates from DMSO precursor solutions containing various quantity of copper ions was investigated. The dependence of composition of final CZTS compounds obtained from precursor solutions with different copper ion concentration in DMSO was shown. It was obtained that with the introduction of a low additive of copper ion concentration one can synthesize CZTS thin films with kesterite structure as well as with secondary phases (tin sulfides of SnS, Sn 2S 3). The increase of the concentration of copper ions in DMSO precursor solution promotes the formation of CZTS thin films with kesterite phase and the minimum content of impurities.

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          Device Characteristics of CZTSSe Thin-Film Solar Cells with 12.6% Efficiency

          Wei. Wang, Mark T Winkler, Oki Gunawan … (2014)
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            The path towards a high-performance solution-processed kesterite solar cell

            Kejia Wang, Supratik Guha, Teodor K. Todorov … (2011)
            Article 0 comments Cited 165 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Lithium-doping inverts the nanoscale electric field at the grain boundaries in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 and increases photovoltaic efficiency.

              S M Vorpahl, B Krueger, H Hillhouse … (2015)
              Passive grain boundaries (GBs) are essential for polycrystalline solar cells to reach high efficiency. However, the GBs in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 have less favorable defect chemistry compared to CuInGaSe2. Here, using scanning probe microscopy we show that lithium doping of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 changes the polarity of the electric field at the GB such that minority carrier electrons are repelled from the GB. Solar cells with lithium-doping show improved performance and yield a new efficiency record of 11.8% for hydrazine-free solution-processed Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4. We propose that lithium competes for copper vacancies (forming benign isoelectronic LiCu defects) decreasing the concentration of ZnCu donors and competes for zinc vacancies (forming a LiZn acceptor that is likely shallower than CuZn). Both phenomena may explain the order of magnitude increase in conductivity. Further, the effects of lithium doping reported here establish that extrinsic species are able to alter the nanoscale electric fields near the GBs in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4. This will be essential for this low-cost Earth abundant element semiconductor to achieve efficiencies that compete with CuInGaSe2 and CdTe.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): epjpv
                Journal ID (url): https://www.epj-pv.org
                Title: EPJ Photovoltaics
                Abbreviated Title: EPJ Photovolt.
                Publisher: EDP Sciences
                ISSN (Electronic): 2105-0716
                Publication date Final: 07 August 2019
                Publication date (Electronic): 07 August 2019
                Publication date (Print): 2019
                Volume: 10
                Issue: ( publisher-idID: epjpv/2019/01 )
                Electronic Location Identifier: 6
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, RAS, Chernogolovka, , Moscow Region 142432, Russia,
                [2 ] College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China,
                [3 ] Lomonosov Moscow State University, , Moscow 119991, Russia,
                Author notes
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6582-5212
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5829-0395
                Article
                Publisher ID: pv190008
                DOI: 10.1051/epjpv/2019007
                SO-VID: bae00f62-6d57-4887-a485-3c81b6b4f58c
                Copyright © © V.V. Rakitin et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2019
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 19 March 2019
                Date: 21 June 2019
                Date accepted : 18 July 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 6, Tables: 1, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 5
                Funding
                Funded by: Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation
                Award ID: contract № 14.613.21.0065, unique project number RFMEFI61317X0065
                Categories
                Subject: Semiconductor Thin Films
                Subject: Topical Issue: From advanced materials and technologies to multiscale integration and usages
                Subject: Regular Article
                Custom metadata
                idline EPJ Photovoltaics 10, 6 (2019)
                cover_date 2019
                first_year 2019
                last_year 2019

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Sustainable & Green chemistry,Materials technology,Semiconductors,Materials for energy,Technical & Applied physics,Renewable energy
                Keywords: Kesterites,CZTS,DMSO,thin films,solution
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Sustainable & Green chemistry, Materials technology, Semiconductors, Materials for energy, Technical & Applied physics, Renewable energy
                Keywords: Kesterites, CZTS, DMSO, thin films, solution

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