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A comprehensive molecular survey of viral pathogens associated with canine gastroenteritis
research-article
Author(s):
Anusha Dema ,
Mounika Reddy Tallapally ,
Vishweshwar Kumar Ganji ,
Bhagyalakshmi Buddala ,
Haritha Kodi ,
Ashwini Ramidi ,
Narasimha Reddy Yella ,
Kalyani Putty
Publication date (Electronic):
7 January 2023
Journal:
Archives of Virology
Publisher:
Springer Vienna
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Abstract
Viral pathogens are the primary cause of canine gastroenteritis. However, few structured comprehensive studies on the viral etiology of canine gastroenteritis have been conducted. In this study, 475 rectal swabs collected over three years (2018-2021) from clinical canine gastroenteritis cases were screened for the presence of six major enteric viruses – canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2), canine distemper virus (CDV), canine adenovirus 2 (CAdV-2), canine coronavirus (CCoV), canine astrovirus (CaAstV), and canine rotavirus (CRV) – by real-time PCR. The most frequently detected virus was CPV-2, which was present in 64.8% of the samples (subtype 2a, 21.1%; 2b, 77.4%; 2c, 1.5%), followed by CDV (8%), CaAstV (7.2%), CCoV (5.9%), and CAdV-2 (4.6%). Two to four of these viruses in different combinations were found in 16.8% of the samples, and CRV was not detected. The complete genome sequences of Indian isolates of CDV, CCoV, and CaAstV were determined for the first time, and phylogenetic analysis was performed. This study highlights the need for routine prophylactic vaccination with the appropriate vaccines. Notably, 70.3% of animals vaccinated with DHPPiL were found to be positive for at least one virus. Hence, regular molecular analysis of the prevalent viruses is crucial for addressing vaccination failures.
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Most cited references60
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MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across Computing Platforms.
Sudhir Kumar, Glen Stecher, Michael KaWah Li … (2018)
The Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (Mega) software implements many analytical methods and tools for phylogenomics and phylomedicine. Here, we report a transformation of Mega to enable cross-platform use on Microsoft Windows and Linux operating systems. Mega X does not require virtualization or emulation software and provides a uniform user experience across platforms. Mega X has additionally been upgraded to use multiple computing cores for many molecular evolutionary analyses. Mega X is available in two interfaces (graphical and command line) and can be downloaded from www.megasoftware.net free of charge.
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Ratification vote on taxonomic proposals to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2009)
E B Carstens (2009)
In accordance with the Statutes of the International Committee of Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), the final stage in the process of making changes to the Universal Scheme of Virus Classification is the ratification of taxonomic proposals by ICTV Members. This can occur either at a Plenary meeting of ICTV, held during an International Congress of Virology conference, or by circulation of proposals by mail followed by a ballot. In recent years, ICTV has attempted to make the ratification process more efficient and timely. Therefore, a list of proposals that had been subjected to the full, multi-stage review process was prepared and presented on the ICTVonline web pages by June 2009 (http://talk.ictvonline.org/media/22/default.aspx). This review process involved input from the ICTV Study Groups and Subcommittees, other interested virologists, and the ICTV Executive Committee. For the second time, the ratification process was performed entirely by email. The proposals were sent electronically via email on July 5 2009 to ICTV Life Members (11), ICTV Subcommittee Members (80), and ICTV National Representatives (52). Members were then requested to vote on whether or not to ratify the taxonomic proposals, within a three week deadline (voting closed on July 31 2009). ICTV attempts to keep an up-to-date list of all members, including National Representatives, but this is a daunting task. As a means of promoting contact between ICTV and its National Members and to ensure that lists of members are up-to-date, member Societies of IUMS are obliged to either renew ICTV National Members or replace them every three years. In effect, National Members have a 3-year tenure that can be renewed indefinitely. National Societies, which are members of the International Union of Microbiological Societies, are encouraged to contact ICTV directly through the ICTV Secretary with the names of their National Representatives. The Secretary and President of ICTV continually correspond with National Societies to encourage them to communicate yearly with ICTV concerning their National Representative to ICTV. Complete contact information for ICTV Executive Committee members can be obtained from the ICTV web site: http://ictvonline.org. The following are the taxonomic proposals that were ratified by ICTV members in July 2009. The proposals are organized by specific subcommittee, and then the filename posted on-line, which contained the specific information about the proposals. Note that by ICTV convention, all taxon names are italicized. Fungal Virus Subcommittee 2007.066-9F.A.v2.Victorivirus 2007.066F Create a new genus in the family Totiviridae 2007.067F Name the new genus Victorivirus 2007.068F Designate species Helminthosporium victoriae virus 190S as type species of the new genus 2007.069F Create nine species (Helminthosporium victoriae virus 190S, Chalara elegans RNA virus 1, Coniothyrium minitans RNA virus, Epichloe festucae virus 1, Gremmeniella abietina RNA virus L1, Helicobasidium mompa totivirus 1–17, Magnaporthe oryzae virus 1, Sphaeropsis sapinea RNA virus 1, Sphaeropsis sapinea RNA virus 2) in the new genus 2008.001F.A.v1.Partitivirus-5Sp 2008.001F Create five new species (Ceratocystis resinifera virus 1, Ophiostoma partitivirus 1, Penicillium stoloniferum virus F, Pleurotus ostreatus virus 1, Rosellinia necatrix virus 1) in the genus Partitivirus 2008.002-006F.A.v2.Cryspovirus 2008.002F Create a new genus in the family Partitiviridae 2008.003F Name the genus Cryspovirus 2008.004F Assign species Cryptosporidium parvum virus 1 to the genus Cryspovirus 2008.005F Designate species Cryptosporidium parvum virus 1 as type species of the new genus 2008.006F Create species Cryptosporidium parvum virus 1 Invertebrate Virus Subcommittee 2008.005I.A.v3.Cripavirus 2008.005I Create species Homalodisca coagulata virus-1 in genus Cripavirus Plant Virus Subcommittee 2006.021P.A.v2.EndornaSp 2006.021P Create two species (Helicobasidium mompa endornavirus 1, Phytophthora endornavirus 1) in genus Endornavirus 2007.006-9P.A.Mycoflexivirus 2007.006P Create a new species Botrytis virus F 2007.007P Create a new genus in the family Gammaflexiviridae 2007.008P Name the new genus Mycoflexivirus 2007.009P Designate species Botrytis virus F as type species in the new genus 2007.010-013P.A.Sclerodornavirus 2007.010P Create the species Sclerotinia sclerotiorum debilitation-associated RNA virus 2007.011P Create a new genus in the family Alphaflexiviridae 2007.012P Name the new genus Sclerodarnavirus 2007.013P Designate species Sclerotinia sclerotiorum debilitation-associated RNA virus as type species in the new genus 2007.014-017P.A.Botrexvirus 2007.014P Create a new species named Botrytis virus X 2007.015P Create a new genus in the family Alphaflexiviridae 2007.016P Name the new genus Botrexvirus 2007.017P Designate the species Botrytis virus X as type species in the genus Botrexvirus 2007.018-20P.A.v2.Alphaflexiviridae 2007.018P Create a new family in the order Tymovirales 2007.019P Name the new family Alphaflexiviridae 2007.020P Assign three existing genera (Allexivirus, Mandarivirus, Potexvirus) and two proposed genera (Botrexvirus, Sclerodarnavirus) to new family 2007.021-23P.A.v2.Betaflexiviridae 2007.021P Create a new family in the order Tymovirales 2007.022P Name the new family Betaflexiviridae 2007.023P Assign six genera (Carlavirus, Citrivirus, Capillovirus, Foveavirus, Trichovirus, Vitivirus) and five unassigned species (Banana mild mosaic virus, Cherry green ring mottle virus, Cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus, Potato virus T, Sugarcane striate mosaic-associated virus) to the new family 2007.024-026P.A.v2.Gammaflexiviridae 2007.024P Create a new family in the order Tymovirales 2007.025P Name the new family Gammaflexiviridae 2007.026P Assign the new genus Mycoflexivirus, created in proposal 2007.006-9P, to the new family Gammaflexiviridae 2007.027a-fP.A.v2.Tymovirales 2007.027aP Remove the genera Allexivirus, Mandarivirus, Potexvirus, Carlavirus, Citrivirus, Capillovirus, Foveavirus, Trichovirus, Vitivirus from the family Flexiviridae 2007.027bP Remove the following species from their position unassigned in the family Flexiviridae: Banana mild mosaic virus, Cherry green ring mottle virus, Cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus, Potato virus T, Sugarcane striate mosaic-associated virus 2007.027cP Remove the family Flexiviridae 2007.027dP Create a new order 2007.027eP Name the order Tymovirales 2007.027fP Assign four families, Alphaflexiviridae, Betaflexiviridae, Gammaflexiviridae and Tymoviridae, to order Tymovirales 2007.031-5P.A.Cilevirus 2007.031P Create a new genus of positive-strand RNA viruses 2007.032P Name the new genus Cilevirus 2007.033P Create type species: Citrus leprosis virus C 2007.034P Assign species Citrus leprosis virus C to genus 2007.036-8P.A.Virgaviridae 2007.036P Create a new unassigned family 2007.037P Name the new family Virgaviridae 2007.038P Assign six genera (Furovirus, Hordeivirus, Pecluvirus, Pomovirus, Tobamovirus, Tobravirus) to new family 2007.039-42P.A.v2.Torradovirus 2007.039P Create a new unassigned genus 2007.040P Name the new genus Torradovirus 2007.041P Create type species named Tomato torrado virus in genus Torradovirus 2007.042P Create additional species named Tomato marchitez virus in genus Torradovirus 2007.050-2P.A.v2.UnasSequiviridae 2007.050P Remove (abolish) family Sequiviridae 2007.051P Reassign genus Sequivirus as ‘unassigned’ 2007.052P Reassign genus Waikavirus as ‘unassigned’ 2007.053-6P.A.v2.UnasComoviridae 2007.053P Remove (abolish) family Comoviridae 2007.054P Reassign genus Comovirus as ‘unassigned’ 2007.055P Reassign genus Fabavirus as ‘unassigned’ 2007.056P Reassign genus Nepovirus as ‘unassigned’ 2007.057-9P.A.Secoviridae 2007.057P Create a family in the order Picornavirales 2007.058P Name the new family Secoviridae 2007.059P Assign seven existing genera (Comovirus, Fabavirus, Nepovirus, Sequivirus, Waikavirus, Cheravirus, Sadwavirus) and one proposed genus (Torradovirus) to the family Secoviridae 2007.060-2P.A.Comovirinae 2007.060P Create a new subfamily in the proposed family Secoviridae 2007.061P Name the new subfamily Comovirinae 2007.062P Assign the genera Comovirus, Fabavirus and Nepovirus to the subfamily 2007.124P.A.2SpUnassTombusviridae 2007.124P Create two species (Maize necrotic streak virus, Pelargonium line pattern virus) unassigned in the family Tombusviridae 2008.001P.A.Nucleorhabdovirus-2Sp 2008.001P Create two species (Maize fine streak virus, Taro vein chlorosis virus) in the genus Nucleorhabdovirus 2008.002P.A.Potyvirus-7Sp 2008.002P Create seven species (Algerian watermelon mosaic virus, Alternanthera mild mosaic virus, Angelica virus Y, Butterfly flower mosaic virus, Canna yellow streak virus, Hardenbergia mosaic virus, Spiranthes mosaic virus 3) in the genus Potyvirus 2008.003P.A.v2.Foveavirus-Sp 2008.003P Create species named Peach chlorotic mottle virus in the genus Foveavirus 2008.004P.A.v2.Vitivirus-Sp 2008.004P Create species named Mint virus 2 in the genus Vitivirus 2008.005P.A.v2.Carlavirus-2Sp 2008.005P Create two species (Coleus vein necrosis virus, Ligustrum necrotic ringspot virus) in the genus Carlavirus 2008.006P.A.v2.Potexvirus-2Sp 2008.006P Create two species (Malva mosaic virus, Phaius virus X) in the genus Potexvirus 2008.007P.A.Aureusvirus-2Sp 2008.007P Create two species (Johnsongrass chlorotic stripe mosaic virus, Maize white line mosaic virus) in the genus Aureusvirus 2008.008-011bP.A.v3.Lolavirus 2008.008P Create new genus in the family Alphaflexiviridae 2008.009P Name the new genus Lolavirus 2008.010P Assign species named Lolium latent virus to the new genus 2008.011P Designate Lolium latent virus as type species in the new genus 2008.011bP Create species named Lolium latent virus 2008.012P.A.Ampelovirus-Sp 2008.012P Create species named Plum bark necrosis stem pitting-associated virus in the genus Ampelovirus 2008.013P.A.Crinivirus-Sp 2008.013P Create species named Bean yellow disorder virus in genus Crinivirus 2008.016-020P.A.v2.Brambyvirus 2008.016P Create new genus in the family Potyviridae 2008.017P Name the new genus Brambyvirus 2008.018P Assign species Blackberry virus Y to the new genus 2008.019P Designate Blackberry virus Y as type species in the new genus 2008.020P Create species Blackberry virus Y in the new genus 2008.021-025P.A.v2.Emaravirus 2008.021P Create unassigned genus 2008.022P Name the new genus Emaravirus 2008.023P Assign species European mountain ash ringspot-associated virus to the new genus 2008.024P Designate species named European mountain ash ringspot-associated virus as type species in the new genus 2008.025P Create species European mountain ash ringspot-associated virus in the new genus 2008.026P.A.Ophiovirus-Sp 2008.026P Create species named Freesia sneak virus in genus Ophiovirus 2008.027P.A.Remove1spPotyvirus 2008.027P Remove (abolish) species Spiranthes mosaic virus 2 from the genus Potyvirus 2008.028P.A.Abaca_btv-Sp 2008.028P Create species named Abaca bunchy top virus in the genus Babuvirus 2008.029P.A.Cardamom_bdv-Sp 2008.029P Create species named Cardamom bushy dwarf virus in the genus Babuvirus 2008.030-032P.A.Luteoviridae-4Sp 2008.030P Create species named Rose spring dwarf-associated virus in the genus Luteovirus, family Luteoviridae 2008.031P Create two species (Chickpea chlorotic stunt virus, Melon aphid-borne yellows virus) in the genus Polerovirus 2008.032a,bP Move species Tobacco vein distorting virus from ‘unassigned’ to genus Polerovirus, in the family Luteoviridae 2009.001a,bP.A.v1.Ampelovirus-Sp 2009.001a,bP Create species named Pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus 3 in the genus Ampelovirus, family Closteroviridae 2009.002a,bP.A.v1.Betaflexiviridae-Sp 2009.002a,bP Create species named African oil palm ringspot virus to be unassigned in the new family Betaflexiviridae, order Tymovirales 2009.003a,bP.A.v1.Carlavirus-Sp 2009.003a,bP Create species named Helleborus net necrosis virus in the genus Carlavirus, (new) family Betaflexiviridae, order Tymovirales 2009.005a,bP.A.v1.Potexvirus-Sp 2009.005a,bP Create species named Lettuce virus X in the genus Potexvirus, family Alphaflexiviridae 2009.006a,dP.A.v2.Potyviridae-10Sp 2009.006a,bP Create nine new species, Arracacha mottle virus, Brugmansia suaveolens mottle virus, Chilli ringspot virus, Hardenbergia mosaic virus, Malva vein clearing virus, Telosma mosaic virus, Twisted-stalk chlorotic streak virus, Vallota mosaic virus and Wild tomato mosaic virus, in the genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae 2009.006c,dP Create species Wheat eqlid mosaic virus in the genus Tritimovirus, family Potyviridae 2009.007a-hP.A.v2.Secoviridae_changes 2009.007a,bP Create species named Carrot necrotic dieback virus in the genus Sequivirus, family Secoviridae 2009.007c,dP Create species named Black raspberry necrosis virus to be unassigned in family Secoviridae, order Picornavirales 2009.007e-hP Remove the species Strawberry latent ringspot virus and Strawberry mottle virus from the genus Sadwavirus and reassign as “unassigned” in the family Secoviridae, order Picornavirales 2009.009a,bP.A.v1.Tobamovirus-Sp 2009.009a,bP Create species named Rehmannia mosaic virus in the genus Tobamovirus, family Virgaviridae 2009.010a,bP.A.v1.Tobamovirus-2Sp 2009.010a,bP Create species named Brugmansia mild mottle virus, and Streptocarpus flower break virus in the genus Tobamovirus, family Virgaviridae 2009.011a,bP.A.v1.Vitivirus-Sp 2009.011a,bP Create species named Grapevine virus E in the genus Vitivirus (new), family Betaflexiviridae 2009.013a,bP.A.v1.Apscaviroid-2Sp 2009.013a,bP Create two species, named Citrus viroid V and Citrus viroid VI, in the genus Apscaviroid, family Pospiviroidae 2009.014c-fP.A.v1.Geminiviridae-4Sp 2009.014c,dP Create species named Beet curly top Iran virus in the genus Curtovirus, family Geminiviridae 2009.014e,fP Create three species, Eragrostis streak virus, Setaria streak virus and Urochloa streak virus, in the genus Mastrevirus, family Geminiviridae Prokaryote Virus Subcommittee 2005.139-42B.A.I3 2005.139B Create a new genus in the family Myoviridae 2005.140B Name the new genus “I3-like viruses” 2005.141B Designate species Mycobacterium phage I3 as the type species in the new genus 2005.160-5B.A.v2.PhiKZ.doc 2005.160B Create a new genus in the family Myoviridae 2005.161B Name the new genus “PhiKZ-like viruses” 2005.163B Designate species Pseudomonas phage phiKZ as the type species in the new genus 2005.164B Create three species (Pseudomonas phage phiKZ, Pseudomonas phage Lin68, Pseudomonas phage EL) in the new genus 2005.166-70B.A.v2.SPBeta 2005.166B Create a new genus in the family Siphoviridae 2005.167B Name the new genus “SPbeta-like viruses” 2005.169B Create species Bacillus phage SPbeta as the type species in the new genus 2005.170B Designate Bacillus phage SPbeta as species in the new genus 2007.086-89B.A.Bicaudavirus 2007.086B Create a new genus in the new family Bicaudaviridae created in proposal 2007.090-92B 2007.087B Name the new genus Bicaudavirus 2007.088B Designate species Acidianus two-tailed virus as the type species in the new genus 2007.089B Create species named Acidianus two-tailed virus in the new genus 2007.090-2B.A.Bicaudaviridae 2007.090B Create an unassigned family 2007.091B Name the new family Bicaudaviridae 2007.092B Assign the new genus Bicaudavirus, created in proposal 2007.090-92B, to the new family 2007.110-4B.A.v2.phiKMV_genus 2007.110B Create a new genus in the family Podoviridae 2007.111B Name the new genus “PhiKMV-like viruses” 2007.112B Designate species Enterobacteria phage phiKMV as the type species in the new genus 2007.113B Create species named Enterobacteria phage phiKMV and Enterobacteria phage LKA1 in the new genus 2007.115-9B.A.v2.SP6-like genus 2007.115B Create a new genus in the family Podoviridae 2007.116B Name the new genus “SP6-like viruses” 2007.119B Create five species (Enterobacteria phage SP6, Enterobacteria phage K1E, Enterobacteria phage K1–5, Enterobacteria phage K5, Erwinia amylovora phage Era103) in the genus 2008.001a-eB.A.v3.Phieco32 2008.001aB Create new genus in the family Podoviridae 2008.001bB Name the new genus “Phieco32-like viruses” 2008.001cB Assign species Enterobacteria phage Phieco32 to the genus “Phieco32-like viruses” 2008.001 dB Designate Enterobacteria phage Phieco32 as type species in the genus “Phieco32-like viruses” 2008.001eB Create species named Enterobacteria phage Phieco32 in the genus “Phieco32-like viruses” 2008.005B.A.v3.AFV3-5Sp 2008.005B Create five species (Acidianus filamentous virus 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, respectively) in the genus Betalipothrixvirus, family Lipothrixviridae 2008.006-009B.A.v3.AHJD-like 2008.006B Create new genus in the subfamily Picovirinae, family Podoviridae 2008.007B Name the new genus “AHJD-like viruses” 2008.008B Create two species (Staphylococcus phage AHJD, Streptococcus phage C1) in the new genus 2008.009B Designate Staphylococcus phage AHJD as type species of the new genus 2008.010B.A.v2.44AHJD-Sp 2008.010B Create species named 44AHJD in the genus “AHJD-like viruses” 2008.011a-gB.A.v3.Picovirinae 2008.011aB Create new subfamily in the family Podovidae 2008.011bB Name the new subfamily Picovirinae 2008.011cB Assign genera “Phi29-like viruses” and “AHJD-like viruses” to subfamily Picovirinae 2008.011 dB Assign species Actinomyces phage Av-1 and Streptococcus phage Cp-1 to be unassigned in subfamily Picovirinae 2008.011eB Create species named Actinomyces phage Av-1 to be unassigned in the new subfamily 2008.011fB Remove species Streptococcus phage Cp-1 from the genus “Phi29-like viruses” 2008.011gB Reassign species Streptococcus phage Cp-1 as unassigned in the new subfamily 2008.015B.A.v2.119X-Sp 2008.015B Create species named Pseudomonas phage 119X to be unassigned in the family Podoviridae 2008.019B.A.v3.APSE1-Sp.doc 2008.019B Create species named Endosymbiont phage APSE-1 unassigned within the family Podoviridae 2008.020-023B.A.v3.Autographivirinae 2008.020B Create a new subfamily in the family Podoviridae 2008.021B Name the new subfamily Autographivirinae 2008.022B Assign two genera, “SP6-like viruses” and “PhiKMV-like viruses” (proposed in 2007.110-114B and 2007.115-119B, respectively) to proposed subfamily Autographivirinae and assign existing genus “T7-like viruses” 2008.023B Assign three species, Synechococcus phage P60, Synechococcus phage syn5, and Prochlorococcus phage P-SSP7 (proposed in 2008.053B) to be unassigned within the new subfamily 2008.025B.A.v2BcepC6B-Sp 2008.025B Create species named Burkholderia phage BcepC6B within the genus “Bpp-1-like viruses” (proposed in 2008.027-039B) in the family Podoviridae 2008.026B.A.v2.BPP1-Sp 2008.026B Create species named Bordetella phage BPP-1 within the genus “BPP-1-like viruses”, family Podoviridae 2008.027-030B.A.v3.BPP-1-likes 2008.027B Create new genus in the family Podoviridae 2008.028B Name the new genus “BPP-1-like viruses” 2008.029B Assign species Bordetella phage BPP-1 and Burhkolderia phage BcepC6B (proposed in 2008.025B and -026B) to the new genus 2008.030B Designate Salmonella phage BPP-1 as type species 2008.031B.A.v3.C1-Sp 2008.031B Create species named Streptococcus phage C1 in genus “AHJD-like viruses”, subfamily Picovirinae 2008.033-036B.A.v2.epsilon15-likes 2008.033B Create new genus in the family Podoviridae 2008.034B Name the new genus “Epsilon15-like viruses” 2008.035B Assign species Salmonella phage epsilon15 and Escherichia phage phiV10 to the new genus 2008.036B Designate Salmonella phage epsilon15 as type species 2008.038B.A.v2.F116-Sp 2008.038B Create species named Pseudomonas phage F116 unassigned in the family Podoviridae 2008.039B.A.v2.GA-1-Sp 2008.039B Create species named Bacillus phage GA-1 in genus “Phi29-like viruses”, subfamily Picovirinae 2008.040B.A.HK620-Sp 2008.040B Create species named Salmonella phage HK620 in genus “P22-like viruses”, family Podoviridae 2008.041B.A.KSY1species 2008.041B Create species named Lactococcus phage KSY1 unassigned in the family Podoviridae 2008.042-045B.A.v2.LUZ24-likes 2008.042B Create new genus in the family Podoviridae 2008.043B Name the new genus “LUZ24-like viruses” 2008.044B Assign species named Pseudomonas phage PaP3 (proposed in 2008.058B) and Pseudomonas phage LUZ24 within the new genus 2008.045B Designate Pseudomonas phage LUZ24 as type species 2008.046B.A.v2.LUZ24-Sp 2008.046B Create species named Pseudomonas phage LUZ24 within the genus “LUZ24-like viruses”, family Podoviridae 2008.052B.A.v2.P1-Sp 2008.052B Create species named Mycoplasma phage P1 unassigned in the subfamily Picovirinae 2008.053B.A.v2.P60-Sp 2008.053B Create species named Synechococcus phage P60 unassigned in the subfamily Autographivirinae 2008.058B.A.v3.PaP3-Sp 2008.058B Create species named Pseudomonas phage PaP3 within the genus “LUZ24-like viruses” 2008.059B.A.v2.PfWMP3-Sp 2008.059B Create species named Phormidium phage Pf-WMP3 unassigned in the family Podoviridae 2008.060B.A.v2.PfWMP4-Sp 2008.060B Create species named Phormidium phage Pf-WMP4 unassigned in the family Podoviridae 2008.061-062B.A.v2.Cp-1move 2008.061B Remove species Streptococcus phage Cp-1 from genus “Phi29-like viruses”, subfamily Picovirinae 2008.062B Reassign the species Streptococcus phage Cp-1 as ‘unassigned’ in the subfamily Picovirinae 2008.065B.A.v2.phiV10-Sp 2008.065B Create species named Escherichia phage PhiV10 within the genus “Epsilon15-like viruses” 2008.066B.A.v2.P-SSP7-Sp 2008.066B Create species named Prochlorococcus phage P-SSP7 unassigned in the subfamily Autographivirinae 2008.067B.A.v3.Sf6-Sp 2008.067B Create species named Shigella phage Sf6 in the genus “P22-like viruses”, family Podoviridae 2008.068B.A.SIO1-Sp 2008.068B Create species named Roseobacter phage SIO1 unassigned in the family Podoviridae 2008.069B.A.v2.ST64T-Sp 2008.069B Create species named Salmonella phage ST64T in the genus “P22-like viruses”, family Podoviridae 2008.070B.A.v2.syn5-Sp 2008.070B Create species named Synechococcus phage syn5 unassigned in the subfamily Autographivirinae 2008.075B.A.v2.VPV262-Sp 2008.075B Create species named Vibrio phage VpV262 unassigned in the family Podoviridae 2008.076B.A.v2.B103-Sp 2008.076B Create species named Bacillus phage B103 in the genus “Phi29-like viruses”, subfamily Picovirinae 2008.077B.A.v2.Era103-Sp 2008.077B Create species named Erwinia amylovora phage Era103 in the genus “SP6-like viruses”, subfamily Autographivirinae 2008.078-080B.A.v2.Gokushovirinae 2008.078B Create new subfamily in the family Microviridae 2008.079B Name the new subfamily Gokushovirinae 2008.080B Assign genera Bdellomicrovirus, Spiromicrovirus and Chlamydiamicrovirus to the new subfamily 2008.081B.A.v2.K1-5-Sp 2008.081B Create species named Enterobacteria phage K1-5 in the genus “SP6-like viruses”, subfamily Autographivirinae 2008.082B.A.v2.K1E-Sp 2008.082B Create species named Enterobacteria phage K1E in the genus “SP6-like viruses”, subfamily Autographivirinae 2008.086B.A.v2.SP6-Sp 2008.086B Create species named Enterobacteria phage SP6 in the genus “SP6-like viruses”, subfamily Autographivirinae 2009.008a,bB.A.v1.Myoviridae-Sp 2009.008a,bB Create a new species named Microcystis aeruginosa phage Ma-LMM01 to be unassigned in the family Myoviridae 2009.010a,bB.A.v1.Myoviridae_phageG 2009.010a,bB Create a new species named Bacillus phage G to be unassigned in the family Myoviridae 2009.011a,bB.A.v2.Myoviridae_phagePBS1 2009.011a,bB Create a new species named Bacillus phage PBS1 to be unassigned in the family Myoviridae Vertebrate Virus Subcommittee 2007.075a-xxV.A.v3.Anelloviridae 2007.075aV Create an unassigned family 2007.075bV Name the new family Anelloviridae 2007.075cV Assign the following nine genera to the new family: Alphatorquevirus, Betatorquevirus, Gammatorquevirus, Deltatorquevirus, Epsilontorquevirus, Zetatorquevirus, Etatorquevirus, Thetatorquevirus, Iotatorquevirus 2007.075dV Create a new genus in the family Anelloviridae 2007.075eV Name the new genus Alphatorquevirus 2007.075fV Assign the 29 species Torque teno virus 1 to Torque teno virus 29, respectively, to the genus Alphatorquevirus 2007.075gV Designate the species Torque teno virus 1 as type species in the genus Alphatorquevirus 2007.075hV Create a new genus in the family Anelloviridae 2007.075iV Name the new genus Betatorquevirus 2007.075jV Assign the nine species Torque teno mini virus 1 to Torque teno mini virus 9, respectively, to the genus Betatorquevirus 2007.075kV Designate the species Torque teno mini virus 1 as type species in the genus Betatorquevirus 2007.075lV Create a new genus in the family Anelloviridae 2007.075mV Name the new genus Gammatorquevirus 2007.075nV Assign the species Torque teno midi virus 1 and Torque teno midi virus 2 to the genus Gammatorquevirus 2007.075oV Designate the species Torque teno midi virus 1 as type species in the genus Gammatorquevirus 2007.075pV Create a new genus in the family Anelloviridae 2007.075qV Name the new genus Deltatorquevirus 2007.075rV Assign the species, Torque teno tupaia virus to the genus Deltatorquevirus 2007.075sV Designate the species Torque teno tupaia virus as type species in the genus Deltatorquevirus 2007.075tV Create a new genus in the family Anelloviridae 2007.075uV Name the new genus Epsilontorquevirus 2007.075vV Assign the species, Torque teno tamarin virus to the genus Epsilontorquevirus 2007.075wV Designate the species Torque teno tamarin virus as type species in the genus Epsilontorquevirus 2007.075xV Create a new genus in the family Anelloviridae 2007.075yV Name the new genus Zetatorquevirus 2007.075zV Assign the species Torque teno douroucouli virus to the genus Zetatorquevirus 2007.075aaV Designate the species Torque teno douroucouli virus as type species in the genus Zetatorquevirus 2007.075bbV Create a new genus in the family Anelloviridae 2007.075ccV Name the new genus Etatorquevirus 2007.075ddV Assign the species Torque teno felis virus to the genus Etatorquevirus 2007.075eeV Designate the species Torque teno felis virus as type species in the genus Etatorquevirus 2007.075ffV Create a new genus in the family Anelloviridae 2007.075ggV Name the new genus Thetatorquevirus 2007.075hhV Assign the species Torque teno canis virus to the genus Thetatorquevirus 2007.075iiV Designate the species Torque teno canis virus as type species in the genus Thetatorquevirus 2007.075jjV Create a new genus in the family Anelloviridae 2007.075kkV Name the new genus Iotatorquevirus 2007.075llV Assign the species Torque teno sus virus 1 and Torque teno sus virus 2 to the genus Iotatorquevirus 2007.075mmV Designate the species Torque teno sus virus 1 as type species in the genus Iotatorquevirus 2007.075nnV Create the 29 species Torque teno virus 1 to Torque teno virus 29, respectively, in the genus Alphatorquevirus 2007.075ooV Create the nine species Torque teno mini virus 1 to Torque teno mini virus 9, respectively, in the genus Betatorquevirus 2007.075ppV Create the species Torque teno midi virus 1 and Torque teno midi virus 2 in the genus Gammatorquevirus 2007.075qqV Create the species Torque teno tupaia virus in the genus Deltatorquevirus 2007.07rrV Create the species Torque teno tamarin virus in the genus Epsilontorquevirus 2007.075ssV Create the species Torque teno douroucouli virus in the genus Zetatorquevirus 2007.075ttV Create the speciesTorque teno felis virus in the genus Etatorquevirus 2007.075uuV Create the species Torque teno canis virus in the genus Thetatorquevirus 2007.075vvV Create the species Torque teno sus virus 1 and Torque teno sus virus 2 in the genus Iotatorquevirus 2007.075wwV Remove (abolish) the unassigned genus Anellovirus 2007.075xxV Remove (abolish) the species Torque teno virus in the genus Anellovirus 2007.093-6V.A.v2.Senecavirus 2007.093V Create a new genus in the family Picornaviridae 2007.094V Name the new genus Senecavirus 2007.095V Create the species Seneca Valley virus and designate it as type species in genus Senecavirus 2007.096V Designate Seneca Valley virus as species in genus Senecavirus 2007.97-100V.A.v2.Tremovirus 2007.097V Create a new genus in the family Picornaviridae 2007.098V Name the new genus Tremovirus 2007.099V Create the species Avian encephalomyelitis virus and designate it as type species in the new genus 2007.100 V Designate the species Avian encephalomyelitis virus as species in the new genus 2007.101-2V.A.renamePEV-A to PSV 2007.101V Rename existing species Porcine enterovirus A 2007.102V New name: Porcine sapelovirus 2007.103-6V.A.v3.Sapelovirus 2007.103V Create a new genus in the family Picornaviridae 2007.104V Name the new genus Sapelovirus 2007.105V Designate the species Porcine sapelovirus (formerly Porcine enterovirus A) as type species in the new genus 2007.106V Create species Simian sapelovirus, and Avian sapelovirus and assign to the new genus 2007.127-129V.A.Spina-Sedoreovirinae 2007.127V Create two subfamilies in the family Reoviridae 2007.128V Name the new subfamiles Spinareovirinae and Sedoreovirinae, respectively 2007.129V Assign nine existing genera (Orthoreovirus, Aquareovirus, Coltivirus, Oryzavirus, Fijivirus, Mycoreovirus, Cypovirus, Idnoreovirus, Dinovernavirus) to the subfamily Spinareovirinae and six genera (Orbivirus, Rotavirus, Seadornavirus, Phytoreovirus, Cardoreovirus, Mimoreovirus) to the subfamily Sedoreovirinae 2008.001-4V.A.v2.Avihepatovirus 2008.001V Create new genus in the family Picornaviridae 2008.002V Name the new genus Avihepatovirus 2008.003V Create species Duck hepatitis A virus and designate as type species in the new genus 2008.004V Assign species Duck hepatitis A virus to the new genus 2008.005-009V.A.v2.Hepeviridae 2008.005V Create new unassigned family 2008.006V Name the new family Hepeviridae 2008.007V Assign existing genus Hepevirus to proposed family 2008.008V Create species Avian hepatitis E virus (currently listed as a tentative member the genus Hepevirus) as ‘unassigned’ in the family Hepeviridae 2008.010-013,15,17V.A.v3.Ichtadenovirus 2008.010V Create new genus in the family Adenoviridae 2008.011V Name the new genus Ichtadenovirus 2008.012V Assign species Sturgeon adenovirus A to the new genus 2008.013V Designate species Sturgeon adenovirus A as type species in the new genus 2008.015V Create species named Sturgeon adenovirus A in the new genus 2008.017V Create species named Raptor adenovirus A in genus Siadenovirus, family Adenoviridae 2008.014,016V.A.v3.Adenovirus-2SP 2008.014V Create species Falcon adenovirus A in genus Aviadenovirus 2008.016V Create species named Human adenovirus G in genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae 2008.018-022V.A.v1.Batrachovirus 2008.018,9V Create genus named Batrachovirus in the family Alloherpesviridae, order Herpesvirales 2008.020V Assign two proposed species (Ranid herpesvirus 1, Ranid herpesvirus 2) to proposed genus Batrachovirus 2008.021V Designate proposed species Ranid herpesvirus 1 as type species in the proposed genus Batrachovirus 2008.022V Create two species (Ranid herpesvirus 1, Ranid herpesvirus 2) in proposed genus Batrachovirus 2008.023-027V.A.v1.Cyprinivirus 2008.023V Create new genus in the family Alloherpesviridae, order Herpesvirales 2008.024V Name the new genus Cyprinivirus 2008.025V Assign two proposed species (Cyprinid herpesvirus 1 and Cyprinid herpesvirus 2) and 1 existing species (Cyprinid herpesvirus 3) to proposed genus Cyprinivirus 2008.026V Designate Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 as type species in the proposed genus Cyprinivirus 2008.027V Create two species (Cyprinid herpesvirus 1 and Cyprinid herpesvirus 2) in proposed genus Cyprinivirus 2008.028-032V.A.v2.Salmonivirus 2008.028V Create new genus in the family Alloherpesviridae, order Herpesvirales 2008.029V Name the new genus Salmonivirus 2008.030V Assign two proposed species (Salmonid herpesvirus 1, Salmonid herpesvirus 2) to proposed genus Salmonivirus 2008.031V Designate proposed species Salmonid herpesvirus 1 as type species in the proposed genus Salmonivirus 2008.032V Create two species (Salmonid herpesvirus 1, Salmonid herpesvirus 2) in proposed genus Salmonivirus 2008.083V.A.BRBV-Sp 2008.083V Create new species named Bovine rhinitis B virus in genus Aphthovirus, family Picornaviridae 2008.084V.A.HRV-C-Sp 2008.084V Create new species named Human rhinovirus C in genus Enterovirus, family Picornaviridae 2008.085-122V.A.v3.Coronaviridae 2008.085V Create a new subfamily in the family Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales 2008.086V Name the new subfamily Coronavirinae 2008.087V Create a new genus in the proposed subfamily Coronavirinae 2008.088V Name the new genus Alphacoronavirus 2008.089V Assign three existing species (Human coronavirus 229E, Human coronavirus NL63, Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus) and five new species proposed in 2008.091-095V.01 to the proposed new genus Alphacoronavirus 2008.090V Designate proposed species Alphacoronavirus 1 as type species of the genus Alphacoronavirus 2008.091V Create new species named Alphacoronavirus 1 in the new genus 2008.092V Create new species named Rhinolophus bat coronavirus HKU2 in the new genus 2008.093V Create new species named Scotophilus bat coronavirus 512 in the new genus 2008.094V Create new species named Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1 in the new genus 2008.095V Create new species named Miniopterus bat coronavirus HKU8 in the new genus 2008.096V Create a new genus in the proposed subfamily Coronavirinae 2008.097V Name the new genus Betacoronavirus 2008.098V Assign the existing species Human coronavirus HKU1 and six new species proposed in 2008.100-105V.01 to the proposed genus Betacoronavirus 2008.099V Designate proposed species Murine coronavirus as type species of the genus Betacoronavirus 2008.100V Create new species named Betacoronavirus 1 in the genus 2008.101V Create new species named Murine coronavirus in the genus 2008.102V Create new species named Rousettus bat coronavirus HKU9 in the genus 2008.103V Create new species named Tylonycteris bat coronavirus HKU4 in the genus 2008.104V Create new species named Pipistrellus bat coronavirus HKU5 in the genus 2008.105V Create new species named Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus in the genus 2008.106V Create a new genus in the proposed subfamily Coronavirinae 2008.107V Name the new genus Gammacoronavirus 2008.108V Assign the two species proposed in 2008.110,111V.01 to the new genus 2008.109V Designate proposed species Avian coronavirus as type species of the new genus 2008.110V Create species named Avian coronavirus in the new genus 2008.111V Create species named Beluga whale coronavirus SW1 in the new genus 2008.112V Create a new subfamily in the family Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales 2008.113V Name the new subfamily Torovirinae 2008.114V Create a new genus in the subfamily Torovirinae 2008.115V Name the new genus Bafinivirus 2008.116V Assign the species White breamVirus (proposed in 2008.118V.01) to the new genus 2008.117V Designate species White bream virus as type species in the new genus 2008.118V Create species named White bream virus in the new genus 2008.119V Remove the genus Torovirus from the family Coronaviridae 2008.120V Reassign the genus Torovirus to the subfamily Torovirinae 2008.121V.U Remove (abolish) 18 species (Human enteric coronavirus, Human coronavirus OC43, Bovine coronavirus, Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus, Equine coronavirus, Murine hepatitis virus, Puffinosis coronavirus, Rat coronavirus, Transmissible gastroenteritis virus, Canine coronavirus, Feline coronavirus, Infectious bronchitis virus, Duck coronavirus, Goose coronavirus, Pheasant coronavirus, Pigeon coronavirus, Turkey coronavirus, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) from the genus Coronavirus 2008.122V.U Reassign species Human coronavirus 229E, Human coronavirus NL63 and Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus to the new genus Alphacoronavirus and Human coronavirus HKU1 to the new genus Betacoronavirus 2008.123-126V.A.v2.Nebovirus 2008.123V Create a new genus in the family Caliciviridae 2008.124V Name the new genus Nebovirus 2008.125V Assign species Newbury-1 virus to the new genus 2008.126V Designate Newbury-1 virus to be type species in the new genus 2009.001aV.A.v2. Arenavirus-Sp 2009.001aV Create the species named Chapare virus in the genus Arenavirus, family Arenaviridae 2009.003a,bV.A.v2.Cytorhabdovirus (listed under Plant viruses) 2009.003a,bV Create the species named Lettuce yellow mottle virus in the genus Cytorhabdovirus, family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales 2009.004a,bV.A.v2.Rhabdoviridae_Sigma-Sp 2009.004a,bV Create the species named Sigma virus to be unassigned in the family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales 2009.006a,bV.A.v1.Circovirus_Sp 2009.006a,bV Create the species named Swan circovirus in the genus Circovirus, family Circoviridae 2009.009a,bV.A.v2.Lyssavirus-4Sp.doc 2009.009a,bV Create four species (Aravan virus, Khujand virus, Irkut virus and West Caucasian bat virus) in the genus Lyssavirus, family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales 2009.010a,bV.A.v1.Mastadenovirus-Sp 2009.010a,bV Create the species named Murine adenovirus C in the genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae 2009.011aV.A.v2.rename_SV5 2009.011aV Change name of Simian virus 5 to Parainfluenza virus 5 2009.012a,bV.A.v2.Rhabdoviridae_Flanders-Sp 2009.012a,bV Create the species named Flanders virus to be unassigned in the family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales 2009.013a,bV.A.v2.Rhabdoviridae_Tupaia-Sp 2009.013a,bV Create the species named Tupaia virus to be unassigned in the family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales 2009.014aV.A.v3.Simplexvirus-Sp 2009.014aV Create species Leporid herpesvirus 4 in genus Simplexvirus, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, family Herpesviridae, order Herpesvirales 2009.015a,bV.A.v2.Vesiculovirus-Sp 2009.015a,bV Create the species named Spring viraemia of carp virus in the genus Vesiculovirus, family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales 2009.016aV.A.v3.Ictalurivirus-2Sp 2009.016aV Create species Ictalurid herpesvirus 2 and Acipenserid herpesvirus 2 in genus Ictalurivirus, family Alloherpesviridae, order Herpesvirales 2009.017a,bV.A.v2.Rhabdoviridae_Ngaingan-Sp 2009.017a,bV Create the species named Ngaingan virus to be unassigned in the family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales 2009.018a,bV.A.v2.Rhabdoviridae_Wongabel-Sp 2009.018a,bV Create the species named Wongabel virus to be unassigned in the family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales Conclusion As a result of the vote, all of the above taxonomic proposals were unanimously approved by the Membership who voted. The return rate of votes was approximately 34%. These taxonomic statements are now a part of the official ICTV taxonomy. A list of the approved taxa can be found on the ICTV online web site. The most recent report of ICTV was published in 2005 [1]. ICTV is currently updating this information and expects to publish its 9th Report in 2011. For further information, please visit the ICTV web pages at http://www.ictvonline.org and http://talk.ictvonline.org/.
- Record: found
- Abstract: found
- Article: not found
A real-time PCR assay for rapid detection and quantitation of canine parvovirus type 2 in the feces of dogs.
Gabriella Elia, Vito Martella, Costantina Desario … (2005)
We describe a rapid, sensitive and reproducible real-time PCR assay for detecting and quantifying canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) DNA in the feces of dogs with diarrhea. An exogenous internal control was added to control the assay performance from extraction to amplification. The method was demonstrated to be highly specific and sensitive, allowing a precise CPV-2 DNA quantitation over a range of eight orders of magnitude (from 10(2) to 10(9) copies of standard DNA). The reproducibility of the CPV-2 real-time PCR assay was assessed by calculating the coefficients of variation (CV) intra-assay and inter-assay for samples containing amounts of CPV-2 DNA spanning the whole range of the real-time PCR standard curve. Then, fecal specimens from diarrheic dogs were analyzed by hemagglutination (HA), conventional PCR and real-time amplification. Comparison between these different techniques revealed that real-time PCR is more sensitive than HA and conventional gel-based PCR, allowing to detect low viral titers of CPV-2 in infected dogs.
Author and article information
Contributors
Kalyani Putty:
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9451-3047
kalyaniputty@gmail.com
Journal
Journal ID (nlm-ta): Arch Virol
Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Arch Virol
Title:
Archives of Virology
Publisher:
Springer Vienna
(Vienna
)
ISSN
(Print):
0304-8608
ISSN
(Electronic):
1432-8798
Publication date
(Electronic):
7
January
2023
Publication date
(Print):
2023
Volume: 168
Issue: 2
Electronic Location Identifier: 36
Affiliations
Author notes
Author information
Kalyani Putty
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9451-3047
Article
Publisher ID: 5674DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05674-6
PMC ID: 9825073
PubMed ID: 36609588
SO-VID: c0ab80f7-f282-4d55-96fe-029ae8f08785
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law.
License:
This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
History
Date
received
: 25
August
2022
Date
accepted
: 17
October
2022
Funding
Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001407, Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India;
Award ID: BT/ADV/Canine Health/TANUVAS
Award Recipient
:
Kalyani Putty
Categories
Subject:
Original Article
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issue-copyright-statement © Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2023
ScienceOpen disciplines: Microbiology & Virology
Data availability:
ScienceOpen disciplines: Microbiology & Virology