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      Persönliche vs. computerbasierte Alkoholintervention für Krankenhauspatienten: Studiendesign

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          Abstract

          Zusammenfassung. Ziel: Persönliche Beratungen können bei stationären Krankenhauspatienten Alkoholkonsum und Mortalität reduzieren. Sie sind jedoch mit hohen Kosten verbunden, wenn aus Public-Health-Erfordernis viele Menschen einer Bevölkerung erreicht werden müssen. Computerbasierte Interventionen stellen eine Alternative dar. Jedoch ist ihre Wirksamkeit im Vergleich zu persönlichen Beratungen und im Allgemeinkrankenhaus noch unklar. Eine quasi-randomisierte Kontrollgruppenstudie „Die Bedeutung der Vermittlungsform für Alkoholinterventionen bei Allgemeinkrankenhauspatienten: Persönlich vs. Computerisiert“ soll dies untersuchen. Design und Methoden werden beschrieben. Methode: Über 18 Monate sind alle 18- bis 64-jährigen Patienten auf Stationen der Universitätsmedizin Greifswald mittels Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) zu screenen. Frauen/Männer mit AUDIT-Consumption ≥ 4/5 und AUDIT < 20 werden einer von drei Gruppen zugeordnet: persönliche Intervention (Beratungen zur Konsumreduktion), computerbasierte Intervention (individualisierte Rückmeldebriefe und Broschüren) und Kontrollgruppe. Beide Interventionen erfolgen im Krankenhaus sowie telefonisch bzw. postalisch nach 1 und 3 Monaten. In computergestützten Telefoninterviews nach 6, 12, 18 und 24 Monaten wird Alkoholkonsum erfragt. Schlussfolgerung: Das Studienvorhaben, sofern erfolgreich umgesetzt, ist geeignet die längerfristige Wirksamkeit einer persönlichen und computerbasierten Intervention im Vergleich zu untersuchen.

          In-person vs. Computer-based Alcohol Interventions among General Hospital Inpatients: Study Design

          Abstract. Background: In-person interventions have the potential to reduce alcohol use among general hospital inpatients with unhealthy alcohol use. However, they can trigger high costs when many people need to be reached for public health purposes. Computer-based interventions may provide an alternative, though little is known about their efficacy, also in comparison to in-person interventions in the general hospital setting. This is to be investigated by the quasi-randomized controlled trial “Testing delivery channels of alcohol interventions among general hospital inpatients: in-PErson versus COmputer-based, PECO” described in this paper. Methods: Over a period of 18 months all general hospital inpatients aged 18 – 64 years on selected wards of the University Medicine Greifswald are to be screened using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Women/men with AUDIT-Consumption ≥ 4/5, and AUDIT< 20 are eligible for trial inclusion. Participants are randomized to in-person intervention (counseling by a trained counselor), computer-based intervention (computer-generated individualized feedback letters) and control group (treatment as usual, minimal assessment only). Both interventions are provided on the ward as well as 1 and 3 months later by phone and mail, respectively. Computer-assisted telephone follow-up interviews are conducted after 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Self-reported alcohol use is assessed as the primary outcome. Conclusion: The study, if implemented successfully, is suitable to investigate the long-term efficacy of in-person and computer-based delivered interventions among general hospital inpatients.

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          Motivational interviewing versus feedback only in emergency care for young adult problem drinking.

          To establish the efficacy of a brief motivational intervention compared to feedback only when delivered in an emergency department for reducing alcohol use and problems among young adults. Two-group randomized controlled trial with follow-up assessments at 6 and 12 months. Level I Trauma Center. A total of 198 18-24-year-old patients who were either alcohol positive upon hospital admission or met screening criteria for alcohol problems. Participants were assigned randomly to receive a one-session motivational intervention (MI) that included personalized feedback, or the personalized feedback report only (FO). All participants received additional telephone contact 1 month and 3 months after baseline. Demographic information, alcohol use, alcohol problems and treatment seeking. Six months after the intervention MI participants drank on fewer days, had fewer heavy drinking days and drank fewer drinks per week in the past month than did FO patients. These effects were maintained at 12 months. Clinical significance evaluation indicated that twice as many MI participants as FO participants reliably reduced their volume of alcohol consumption from baseline to 12 months. Reductions in alcohol-related injuries and moving violations, and increases in alcohol treatment-seeking were observed across both conditions at both follow-ups with no differences between conditions. This study provides new data supporting the potential of the motivational intervention tested to reduce alcohol consumption among high-risk youth.
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            Concurrent validity of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and AUDIT zones in defining levels of severity among out-patients with alcohol dependence in the COMBINE study.

            To examine among alcohol-dependent out-patient clients the concurrent validity of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) total score and 'zones' suggested by the World Health Organization for defining levels of severity of alcohol use problems. Participants were classified into AUDIT zones (AUDIT total score = 8-15, 16-19, 20-40) and compared on measures of demographics, treatment goals, alcohol consumption, alcohol-related consequences, severity of dependence, physiological dependence, tolerance, withdrawal and biomarkers of alcohol use. Eleven out-patient academic clinical research centers across the United States. Participants Alcohol dependent individuals (n = 1335) entering out-patient treatment in the Combined Pharmacotherapies and Behavioral Interventions (COMBINE) study. The AUDIT was administered as part of an initial screening. Baseline measures used for concurrent validation included the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th edition (DSM-IV) Disorders, the Alcohol Dependence Scale, the Drinker Inventory of Consequences, the Obsessive-Compulsive Drinking Scale, the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment, the Thoughts about Abstinence Scale, the Form-90, %carbohydrate-deficient transferrin and gamma-glutamyl transferase. Findings Indicators of severity of dependence and alcohol-related problems increased linearly with total score and differed significantly across AUDIT zones. The highest zone, with scores of 20 and above, was markedly different with respect to severity from the other two zones and members of this group endorsed an abstinence goal more strongly. The AUDIT total score is a brief measure that appears to provide an index of severity of dependence in a sample of alcohol-dependent individuals seeking out-patient treatment, extending its potential utility beyond its more traditional role as a screening instrument in general populations.
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              Interventions for reducing alcohol consumption among general hospital inpatient heavy alcohol users: a systematic review.

              There is growing interest in pro-active detection and provision of interventions for heavy alcohol use in the general hospital inpatient population. We aimed to determine, from the available evidence, the effectiveness of interventions in reducing alcohol consumption among general hospital inpatient heavy alcohol users. The following databases were searched for completed and on-going randomised and non-randomised controlled studies published up to November 2012: MEDLINE; C2-SPECTR; CINAHL; The Cochrane Library; Conference Proceedings Citation Index: Science; EMBASE; HMIC; PsycInfo; Public Health Interventions Cost Effectiveness Database (PHICED); and ClinicalTrials.gov. Studies were screened independently by two reviewers. Data extraction was performed by one reviewer and independently checked by a second. Twenty-two studies which met the inclusion criteria enrolled 5307 participants in total. All interventions were non-pharmacological and alcohol focused. Results from single session brief interventions and self-help literature showed no clear benefit on alcohol consumption outcomes, with indications of benefit from some studies but not others. However, results suggest brief interventions of more than one session could be beneficial on reducing alcohol consumption, especially for non-dependent patients. No active intervention was found superior over another on alcohol consumption and other outcomes. Brief interventions of more than one session could be beneficial on reducing alcohol consumption among hospital inpatients, especially for non-dependent patients. However, additional evidence is still needed before more definitive conclusions can be reached. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                suc
                SUCHT
                Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis
                Hogrefe AG, Bern
                0939-5911
                1664-2856
                2015
                : 61
                : 6 , Themenschwerpunkt: Webbasierte Interventionen in der Suchtbehandlung und –prävention: Lösung der Zukunft?
                : 347-355
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ]Institut für Sozialmedizin und Prävention, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald
                [ 2 ]Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung, Greifswald
                [ 3 ]Translational Neuromodeling Unit, Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, Universität Zürich und Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich
                [ 4 ]Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut Berlin
                Author notes
                PD Dr. Dr. Jennis Freyer-Adam, Institut für Sozialmedizin und Prävention, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 48, 17475 Greifswald, Deutschland
                Article
                suc_61_6_347
                10.1024/0939-5911.a000394
                c14d4789-5fdc-4a4d-865e-aebabfbe4523
                Copyright @ 2015
                History
                : 9. April 2015
                Categories
                Untersuchungsdesigns und Methoden

                Medicine,Psychology,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Computer,Screening,screening,intervention,computer,public health,Alkohol,Beratung,Public Health,Alcohol

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