Comparison of Outcomes Between Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers in Patients With Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are usually treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB). The aim of this meta-analysis is to compare outcomes between ACEi and ARB in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). This meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Three major online databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, were thoroughly searched to find studies comparing ACEi and ARB in patients with MI from January 1, 2000, onwards, without language or publication restrictions. Outcomes assessed in this meta-analysis included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, stroke, and hospitalization due to heart failure. A total of 16 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled estimates showed no significant differences between the two groups in terms of MACE (risk ratio (RR): 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88-1.20), all-cause mortality (RR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.88-1.20), cardiovascular mortality (RR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.89-1.12), stroke (RR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.80-1.32), and hospitalization due to heart failure (RR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.90-1.09). These results suggest that ACEi and ARB have similar impacts on clinical outcomes across a broad spectrum of MI patients, reinforcing their roles in post-MI treatment.