Timpanoplastias: resultados cirúrgicos e análise dos fatores que podem interferir no seu sucesso  <span class="so-article-trans-title" dir="auto"> Translated title: Tympanoplasty: surgical results and a comparison of the factors that may interfere in their success </span>

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Abstract

A otite média crônica continua muito prevalente em nosso meio e permanece um desafio aos otorrinolaringologistas quanto ao seu tratamento. OBJETIVO: Demonstrar os fatores que podem interferir no sucesso das timpanoplastias e os resultados cirúrgicos obtidos durante o ano de 2002. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Clínico prospectivo. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Incluiu-se 37 pacientes portadores de otite média crônica não-colesteatomatosa (OMCNC) submetidos a timpanoplastia (in-lay ou underlay, com enxerto homólogo). Os pacientes passaram por protocolo de avaliação pré e pós-operatória que consistiu em anamnese, exame físico específico, nasofibroscopia e audiometria. RESULTADO: Fatores como idade, localização e tamanho da perfuração; estado da mucosa da orelha média; número de infecções/ano; tabagismo; história familiar de otorréia e disacusia; história pessoal de cirurgia otológica prévia; renda familiar mensal; enxerto, técnica e via de acesso utilizada; não apresentaram relevância estatística quanto ao fechamento da perfuração. A taxa de sucesso foi de 65% para o fechamento da membrana timpânica e 100% para o ganho audiométrico. CONCLUSÃO: As timpanoplastias devem ser consideradas no tratamento das OMCNC.

Translated abstract

Chronic otitis media has a high prevalence on the population and their treatment continuous to be a challenge for the otorhinolaryngologists. AIM: To demonstrate the factors that could interfere in the tympanoplasty success and the surgical results during 2002. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical prospective. MATERIAL AND METHOD: were included 37 patients with chronic otitis media non cholesteatoma (COMNC) undergo to tympanoplasty (in lay or underlay, with homologous graft). All the patients were submitted to a survey pre and postoperative include clinical, physical examinations, flexible nasal endoscope and audiometry. RESULTS: The age, the dimension and localization of the tympanic membrane perforation; the condition of middle ear mucosa; number of otorrhea/year; smoking; parents history of otorrhea and hearing loss; personals history of otological surgery; monthly family income; the graft, technique and access used were not significantly to repair tympanic membrane perforations. The closure rate was 65% and the gain in air-bone gap was 100%. CONCLUSION: The timpanoplasty must be considerate in the treatment of the COMNC.

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Myringoplasty: long-term results in adults and children.

P Garin-Chesa, M Juantegui, M Decat … (1995)

This report presents the long-term results 3 years after primary myringoplasties performed with formolized fascia temporalis autografts. The overall closure rate was 87.7% of cases, with improvement in hearing in 67.2% of cases. The best results were achieved with total perforations, and not with partial posterior perforations, contrary to popular opinion. The anterior perforations were the most difficult to close. Anterior angle blunting was avoided by careful technique. Although the results of myringoplasty are clearly better in adults than in children, there is not a determined "frontier age" before which a child may not undergo operation. The state of the middle ear at the time of operation influences surgical outcome: wet ears have a higher rate of perforation, myringitis, and retraction pocket. Medical treatment is recommended prior to surgery in every discharging ear, as a diagnostic method rather than a therapeutic one. If the ear remains wet, chronic otitis media should be considered rather than simple perforation of the eardrum, and a mastoidectomy should be combined with the myringoplasty.