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      Child's anxiety preceding the dental appointment: evaluation through a playful tool as a conditioning feature Translated title: Ansiedade infantil prévia à consulta odontológica: avaliação mediante instrumento lúdico como condicionamento

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          Abstract

          Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the emotional reactions before and after the application of a child audiovisual book that illustrates the trigger fear and anxiety points in the dental appointment. Moreover, the educational effect of this book as preconditioning to dental care was also verified. Methods: The study is a prospective pilot study conducted at the University of Western Santa Catarina with a convenience sample of 20 children aged 4-6 years old, with and without previous dental experience. All these children received the book and they were assessed before and after the presentation by responsible attendants. The projective test FIS (Facial Image Scale) was applied in 2 stages on the same day of assistance. Both tests were applied at the reception waiting room: before the child came into contact with the book in the dental clinic room and after the child came into contact with the playful instrument. Anamnesis and clinical examination were performed in the dental office by the dentist to start or continue the treatment. Results: The children were able to answer the projective test with self -analysis. The idealized audiovisual book was successfully constructed and used in the research. The comparison between FIS 1 and FIS 2 made with paired t-test showed significant improvements by comparing the results before the presentation of the playful instrument and after the use of it (p <0.0001), with no differences in childhood anxiety between genders and ages. Conclusion: The result of the conditioning technique using the book before the dental treatment was highly significant in reducing anxiety.

          Translated abstract

          Objetivos: Avaliar as reações emocionais antes e após a aplicação de um livro audiovisual infantil que ilustra os pontos desencadeadores de medo e ansiedade na consulta odontológica. Além disso, verificou-se o efeito educativo desse livro como condicionamento prévio ao atendimento dental. Métodos: A pesquisa é um estudo piloto prospectivo conduzido na Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, com amostra de conveniência de 20 crianças entre 4 a 6 anos de idade, com e sem experiência odontológica anterior. Todas essas crianças receberam o livro e foram avaliadas antes e após a apresentação desse pelos seus responsáveis. Aplicou-se o teste projetivo de FIS (Facial Image Scale), em 2 etapas no mesmo dia do atendimento. Os dois testes foram aplicados na recepção: antes da criança entrar em contato com o livro na sala anexa à clínica odontológica e após a criança entrar em contato com o instrumento lúdico. Foi realizada a anamnese e exame clínico no consultório odontológico pela odontopediatra para iniciar ou dar continuidade ao tratamento. Resultados: As crianças foram capazes de responder o teste projetivo com auto-análise. O livro audiovisual idealizado foi construído com sucesso e utilizado na pesquisa. A comparação entre FIS 1 e FIS 2 feito com teste-t pareado apresentou melhoras significativas comparando-se o resultado antes da apresentação do instrumento lúdico e após o uso do instrumento (p<0,0001), sendo que não houve diferença na ansiedade infantil entre os gêneros e as idades. Conclusão: O resultado da técnica de condicionamento utilizando o livro, antes do atendimento odontológico, foi altamente significativo na redução da ansiedade.

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          Dental fear/anxiety and dental behaviour management problems in children and adolescents: a review of prevalence and concomitant psychological factors.

          The objectives of this article were to examine the literature published from 1982 to 2006 and to evaluate prevalence of dental fear and anxiety (DFA) and dental behaviour management problems (DBMP) in children and adolescents, and their relationships to age, sex, general anxiety, temperament, and general behavioural problems. A broad search of the PubMed database was performed using three combinations of search terms. A large proportion of the identified articles could not be used for the review owing to inadequate endpoints, measures or poor study design. Thirty-two papers of acceptable quality were identified and reviewed. The prevalence of both DFA and DBMP were estimated to 9%, with a decrease in prevalence with age. DFA/DBMP were more frequent in girls. DFA/DBMP were related to general fear and both internalizing and externalizing behavioural problems, although these relationships were not clear-cut. Temperament was related to both DFA and DBMP but with different temperamental characteristics, while general behavioural problems mainly correlated with DBMP. DFA/DBMP are common, and several psychological factors are associated with the development of these problems. In order to better understand these relationships, a number of issues concerning design of research and measurement of DFA/DBMP have to be dealt with.
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            Health Psychology

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              Odontologia social

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rgo
                RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia
                RGO, Rev. Gaúch. Odontol.
                Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic
                1981-8637
                December 2015
                : 63
                : 4
                : 455-460
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Faculdade de Odontologia São Leopoldo Mandic Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S1981-86372015010500455
                10.1590/1981-863720150003000122848
                c5ddb176-d41d-4122-a388-c8151bd810d2

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1981-8637&lng=en
                Categories
                DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

                Dentistry
                Comportamento infantil,Psicologia da criança,Odontopediatria,Child behavior,Psychology child,Pediatric dentistry

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