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      Estudios hematológicos y patológicos comparativos de cerdos inoculados con un aislado de campo y el serotipo 5 ATCC de Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Translated title: Comparative hematological and pathological study of inoculated pigs with a field isolate and an ATCC serotype 5 of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

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          Abstract

          Se realizó una inoculación experimental de A. pleuropneumoniae utilizando un aislado de campo y una cepa de referencia ATCC serotipo 5, para lo cual se utilizaron tres grupos de animales (n = 15 para cada grupo). El grupo 1 (G1) fue inoculado con medio estéril, el grupo (G2) con serotipo 5 ATCC y el grupo 3 (G3) fue inoculado con un aislado de campo (418/07). Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas (P ≤ 0,05) en el recuento de leucocitos totales entre el grupo G1 v/s G2 y G1 v/s G3 y los grados de las lesiones pulmonares totales evidenciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (P ≤ 0,05) entre los tres grupos de estudio. Las lesiones histopatológicas pulmonares mostraron diferencias estadísticas relevantes sólo entre G1 y G3 (P ≤ 0,05). En este trabajo se verifican diferencias importantes del comportamiento entre el aislado de campo y el serotipo 5 ATCC, sobre los cambios hematológicos y las lesiones macroscópicas e histopatológicas ocasionadas por ellos, lo cual podría indicar una mayor virulencia y patogenicidad del aislado nacional. Se espera en un futuro próximo serotipificar este aislado nacional de App.

          Translated abstract

          An experimental inoculation of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App) was carried out with a field isolate and an ATCC serotype 5. Three groups of 15 pigs each were used. Group 1 (G1) was the control group inoculated with sterile media, Group 2 was inoculated with the serotype 5 ATCC, and Group 3 (G3) was inoculated with a field isolate (418/07). The results showed statistically significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in the total leukocytes count between G1 v/s G2 and G1 v/s G3. The total macroscopic lung lesions scores were statistically different among the 3 groups (P ≤ 0.05). However, statistical difference was found only between G1 and G3 in the histopathological lung lesions (P ≤ 0.05). This work shows a clear difference in the hematological changes and the macroscopic and histopathological lesions between the serotype 5 ATCC and the field isolate. These facts suggest a higher virulence and pathogenicity of the national isolate. The serotypification of this App national isolate will be done in the near future.

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            Economic impacts of reduced pork production associated with the diagnosis of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae on grower/finisher swine operations in the United States.

            An examination of the economic impacts of the diagnosis of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae on grower/finisher swine operations indicated that reduced pork production, associated with the diagnosis of A. pleuropneumoniae on the operation, diminished consumer surplus by $53+/-52 million, and resulted in a total loss of $32+/-30 million to the US economy in 1995. Most of the economic surplus lost by consumers was transferred to producers, whose economic surplus increased by $21+/-25 million (which was not significantly different from zero). Uncertainty analysis showed that an estimate of the decline in production associated with the diagnosis of A. pleuropneumoniae accounted for most of the uncertainty of the change in consumer surplus and of the total loss to the economy. The estimate of the price elasticity of demand for pork also contributed towards a lot of the uncertainty in the estimated change in producer surplus.
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              Herd factors associated with the seroprevalences of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serovars 2, 3 and 9 in slaughter pigs from farrow-to-finish pig herds.

              This cross-sectional epidemiologic study was conducted in 150 randomly selected farrow-to-finish pig herds to investigate descriptive epidemiological characteristics of infections with three different serovars of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, and to identify risk factors for the within-herd seroprevalences of these serovars. Different farm characteristics (n = 28) were examined as potential risk factors for the percentage of pigs with antibodies against serovars 2, 3 and 9. The presence of antibodies was measured using an indirect ELISA. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the associations between the potential risk factors and the proportion of seropositive pigs. The median within-herd seroprevalences were 95% (range: 0-100%), 100% (range: 10-100%), and 35% (range: 0-100%) for serovars 2, 3, and 9, respectively. There was a positive association (P or = 2 origin herds (OR = 2.33; P < 0.05) and in farms with poor biosecurity measures (OR = 4.62; P < 0.05). The proportion of pigs seropositive for serovar 3 was significantly higher when tested pigs were slaughtered in May-August and in November-December (OR = 5.96; P < 0.001), in herds without a growing unit (OR = 2.63; P < 0.01), and in herds with a direct air-entry into the finishing unit (OR = 1.92; P < 0.05). The within-herd seroprevalence of serovar 9 increased significantly in herds with poor biosecurity measures (OR = 1.76; P < 0.05). The study documented that infections with A. pleuropneumoniae serovars 2, 3, and 9 were very common in the selected herds, and that the sero-epidemiological characteristics and risk factors showed some variation depending on the serovar. The purchase policy of gilts and biosecurity measures are risk factors that can be improved fairly easily on pig farms.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                amv
                Archivos de medicina veterinaria
                Arch. med. vet.
                Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile (Valdivia )
                0301-732X
                2010
                : 42
                : 1
                : 57-65
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad de Concepción Chile
                [2 ] Universidad de Concepción Chile
                [3 ] Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero Chile
                Article
                S0301-732X2010000100008
                10.4067/S0301-732X2010000100008
                c9eeb160-c377-47d4-9ad7-9867885e1029

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Chile

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0301-732X&lng=en
                Categories
                VETERINARY SCIENCES

                General veterinary medicine
                Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae,hematology,pathology,hematología,patología

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