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      Has the Time Come for Preprints in Chemistry?

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      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: ACS Omega
      Publisher: American Chemical Society

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          Abstract

          Chemistry is among the last of the core natural sciences to embrace preprints, namely, the publication of non peer-reviewed scientific articles on the Internet. After a brief insight into the origins and the purpose of preprints in science, we conducted a concrete analysis of the concrete situation, aiming at providing an answer to several questions. Why has the chemistry community been late in embracing preprints? Is this in relation with the slow acceptance of open-access publishing by the same community? Will preprints become a common habit also for chemistry scholars?

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          The Oligopoly of Academic Publishers in the Digital Era

          Vincent Larivière, Stefanie Haustein, Philippe Mongeon (2015)
          The consolidation of the scientific publishing industry has been the topic of much debate within and outside the scientific community, especially in relation to major publishers’ high profit margins. However, the share of scientific output published in the journals of these major publishers, as well as its evolution over time and across various disciplines, has not yet been analyzed. This paper provides such analysis, based on 45 million documents indexed in the Web of Science over the period 1973-2013. It shows that in both natural and medical sciences (NMS) and social sciences and humanities (SSH), Reed-Elsevier, Wiley-Blackwell, Springer, and Taylor & Francis increased their share of the published output, especially since the advent of the digital era (mid-1990s). Combined, the top five most prolific publishers account for more than 50% of all papers published in 2013. Disciplines of the social sciences have the highest level of concentration (70% of papers from the top five publishers), while the humanities have remained relatively independent (20% from top five publishers). NMS disciplines are in between, mainly because of the strength of their scientific societies, such as the ACS in chemistry or APS in physics. The paper also examines the migration of journals between small and big publishing houses and explores the effect of publisher change on citation impact. It concludes with a discussion on the economics of scholarly publishing.
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            Free online availability substantially increases a paper's impact.

            Theodore S. Lawrence (2001)
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              Open Access to the Scientific Journal Literature: Situation 2009

              Bo-Christer Björk, Patrik Welling, Mikael Laakso … (2010)
              Background The Internet has recently made possible the free global availability of scientific journal articles. Open Access (OA) can occur either via OA scientific journals, or via authors posting manuscripts of articles published in subscription journals in open web repositories. So far there have been few systematic studies showing how big the extent of OA is, in particular studies covering all fields of science. Methodology/Principal Findings The proportion of peer reviewed scholarly journal articles, which are available openly in full text on the web, was studied using a random sample of 1837 titles and a web search engine. Of articles published in 2008, 8,5% were freely available at the publishers' sites. For an additional 11,9% free manuscript versions could be found using search engines, making the overall OA percentage 20,4%. Chemistry (13%) had the lowest overall share of OA, Earth Sciences (33%) the highest. In medicine, biochemistry and chemistry publishing in OA journals was more common. In all other fields author-posted manuscript copies dominated the picture. Conclusions/Significance The results show that OA already has a significant positive impact on the availability of the scientific journal literature and that there are big differences between scientific disciplines in the uptake. Due to the lack of awareness of OA-publishing among scientists in most fields outside physics, the results should be of general interest to all scholars. The results should also interest academic publishers, who need to take into account OA in their business strategies and copyright policies, as well as research funders, who like the NIH are starting to require OA availability of results from research projects they fund. The method and search tools developed also offer a good basis for more in-depth studies as well as longitudinal studies.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): ACS Omega
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): ACS Omega
                Journal ID (publisher-id): ao
                Journal ID (coden): acsodf
                Title: ACS Omega
                Publisher: American Chemical Society
                ISSN (Electronic): 2470-1343
                Publication date (Electronic): 15 November 2017
                Publication date Collection: 30 November 2017
                Volume: 2
                Issue: 11
                Pages: 7923-7928
                Affiliations
                Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR , via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
                Author notes
                [* ]E-mail: mario.pagliaro@ 123456cnr.it (M.P.).
                Article
                DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01190
                PMC ID: 6645332
                PubMed ID: 31457346
                SO-VID: cbb0cc0c-f737-430f-bd64-4cf77569fbac
                Copyright © Copyright © 2017 American Chemical Society
                License:

                This is an open access article published under an ACS AuthorChoice License, which permits copying and redistribution of the article or any adaptations for non-commercial purposes.

                History
                Date received : 16 August 2017
                Date accepted : 26 October 2017
                Categories
                Subject: Perspective
                Custom metadata
                document-id-old-9 ao7b01190
                document-id-new-14 ao-2017-011907
                ccc-price

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