Correlation between eating behaviors with body composition among medical students

Abstract

Objective To investigate the correlation between body composition and eating habits among medical students, and to provide evidence for health promotion.

Methods In December 2021, stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey and body composition assessment among 445 students in grade one to grade four in Jining Medical University.

Results There were 152 girls (53.3%) and 45 boys (28.1%) with low skeletal muscle mass. Totally 167 students (37.5%) had lower muscle mass, including 115 females (40.4%) and 49 males (30.6%). High body fat percentage was found in 259 (58.2%) students, including 179 females (62.8%) and 80 males (50.0%). There were 192 students (43.1%) with abnormal waist-to-hip ratio, with 139 females (48.8%) and 53 males (33.1%). In addition, emotional eating score of female students was significantly higher than that of male students(6.85±2.24, 6.11±2.69, t = 2.96, P<0.05). Cognitive restricted eating was positively correlated with skeletal muscle mass and musde mass ( r = 0.13, 0.13, P<0.05). Emotional eating was positively correlated with body fat percentage, body fat and waist hip ratio ( r= 0.20, 0.20, 0.16, P<0.05). Unrestricted eating was positively correlated with body fat percentage, body fat and waist hip ratio ( r = 0.15, 0.18, 0.15, P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender, family residence, physical activity and cognitive eating were associated with skeletal muscle mass and muscle mass of medical students ( P<0.05).

Conclusion With low skeletal muscle mass, low muscle mass, body fat percentage and waist and hip high ratio, reasonable eating habits combined with resistance exercise should be adopted to improve their physical health.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 探讨医学生体成分和进食行为相关性, 为提髙医学生身体素质提供相应的科学依据。 方法 2021年12 月, 采用分层整群随机抽样方法对济宁医学院校大一至大四445名在校医学生进行问卷调査和身体成分测量。 结果 女 生中低骨骼肌量152名(53.3%), 男生低骨骼肌量45名(28.1%);肌肉量低于标准的有167名(37.5%), 其中女生115名 (40.4%), 男生 49名(30.6%);体脂百分比髙于标准的 259名(58.2%), 女生 179名(62.8%), 男生 80名(50.0%);腰臀比 异常 192名(43.1%), 女生139名(48.8%), 男生 53名(33.1%)。女生情绪性进食得分髙于男生 (6.85±2.24, 6.11±2.69), 差异有统计学意义 ( t = 2.96, P<0.05)。认知限制性进食和骨骼肌量、肌肉量呈正相关 ( r 值分别为 0.13, 0.13, P 值均<0.05);情绪性进食与体脂百分比、体脂肪和腰臀比呈正相关 ( r 值分别为 0.20, 0.20, 0.16, P值均<0.05);非限制性进食与体 脂百分比、体脂肪和腰臀比呈正相关 ( r 值分别为 0.15, 0.18, 0.15, P 值均<0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示, 性别、家庭所在 地、体力活动以及认知限制性进食是影响医学生骨骼肌量、肌肉量的因素 ( P 值均<0.05)。 结论 医学生中存在骨骼肌量 低、肌肉量低、体脂百分比和腰臀比髙的现象, 应当采用合理进食习惯结合抗阻运动的方式提髙体质健康水平。