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Abstract
Sensory and environmental manipulations affect the development of sensory systems.
Higher-order auditory representations (auditory categories or "objects") evolve with
experience and via top-down influences modify representations in early auditory areas.
During development of a functional auditory system, the capacity for bottom-up reorganizations
is successively less well expressed due to a molecular change in synaptic properties.
It is, however, complemented by top-down influences that direct and modulate the residual
(adult) capacity for circuit reorganization. In a deprived condition, this developmental
step is substantially affected. As higher-order representations cannot be established
in absence of auditory experience, the developmental decrease in capacity for "bottom-up
regulated" reorganizations (as repeatedly demonstrated in also in deprived sensory
systems) cannot be complemented by an increasing influence of top-down modulations.
In consequence, the ability to learn is compromised in sensory deprivation, resulting
in a sensitive period for recovery.