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      Estado nutricional, hábitos alimentarios, actividad física y horas de sueño en estudiantes de la Patagonia Chilena según las estaciones del año: estudio observacional Translated title: Nutritional status, eating habits, physical activity and sleeping hours in Chilean Patagonia students according to the seasons of the year: observational study

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción Se realizó una comparación del estado nutricional, hábitos alimentarios, actividad física y horas de sueño en estudiantes de 5° a 8° grado de educación primaria en una escuela pública de la ciudad Punta Arenas, Chile, según las estaciones de invierno y verano considerando la variabilidad climática y de luz solar de un clima extremo. Material y Métodos Estudio observacional analítico de enfoque cuantitativo, longitudinal de cohorte. Se siguieron durante un período de 7 meses a 105 estudiantes de ambos sexos cuya edad promedio fue 11,5 años. Se realizaron dos mediciones de las cuatro variables en estudio (estado nutricional, hábitos alimentarios, actividad física y horas de sueño). Se efectuaron mediciones de peso y talla para la obtención del índice de masa corporal (IMC) para clasificar el estado nutricional según IMC/edad con los patrones de crecimiento recomendados por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Los hábitos alimentarios y sueño fueron evaluados con un cuestionario auto administrado y se categorizó las horas de sueño para la edad según la National Sleep Foundation. Para la evaluación de la actividad física en los estudiantes se utilizó el Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C). El análisis de datos se realizó con el Software estadístico SPSS® Versión 22 y la prueba estadística T-student para muestras relacionadas. Resultados No se encontró diferencia significativa en el estado nutricional (p=0,57). Los hábitos alimentarios saludables y la actividad física disminuyen en la estación de verano (p>0,05). Las horas de sueño no tuvieron diferencias significativas en ambas estaciones con un promedio de 8,3 horas. Conclusiones Los hábitos alimentarios saludables y de actividad física disminuyen en la estación de verano posiblemente asociados al receso escolar, sin evidenciar un efecto directo de la estación de año sobre las variables estudiadas.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction A comparison was made of the nutritional status, eating habits, physical activity and hours of sleep in students from 5th to 8th grade of primary education in a public school in the city of Punta Arenas, Chile, according to the winter and summer seasons, considering the variability weather and sunlight from extreme weather. Material and Methods Analytical observational study with a quantitative, longitudinal cohort approach. 105 students of both sexes, whose average age was 11.5 years, were followed over a 7-month period. Two measurements of the four variables under study were made (nutritional status, eating habits, physical activity and hours of sleep). Weight and height measurements were made to obtain the body mass index (BMI) to classify the nutritional status according to BMI/age with the growth patterns recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Eating and sleeping habits were evaluated with a self-administered questionnaire and sleeping hours were categorized for age according to the National Sleep Foundation. For the evaluation of physical activity in the students, the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children PAQ-C was used. Data analysis was performed with the SPSS® Version 22 statistical software and the T-student statistical test for related samples. Results There was no significant difference in the nutritional status by season (p=0.57). Healthy eating habits and physical activity diminished during summer (p>0,05). The hours of sleep did not have significant differences in both seasons with an average of 8.3 hours. Conclusions Healthy dietary habits and physical activity are altered during the summer. This is possibly associated to school break and there’s no evidence of a direct effect of seasonal nature.

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          Most cited references34

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              The Circadian Clock and Human Health.

              Epidemiological studies provided the first evidence suggesting a connection between the circadian clock and human health. Mutant mice convincingly demonstrate the principle that dysregulation of the circadian system leads to a multitude of pathologies. Chrono-medicine is one of the most important upcoming themes in the field of circadian biology. Although treatments counteracting circadian dysregulation are already being applied (e.g., prescribing strong and regular zeitgebers), we need to comprehend entrainment throughout the body's entire circadian network before understanding the mechanisms that tie circadian dysregulation to pathology. Here, we attempt to provide a systematic approach to understanding the connection between the circadian clock and health. This taxonomy of (mis)alignments on one hand exposes how little we know about entrainment within any organism and which 'eigen-zeitgeber' signals are used for entrainment by the different cells and tissues. On the other hand, it provides focus for experimental approaches and tools that will logically map out how circadian systems contribute to disease as well as how we can treat and prevent them.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                renhyd
                Revista Española de Nutrición Humana y Dietética
                Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet
                Academia Española de Nutrición y Dietética (Pamplona, Navarra, Spain )
                2173-1292
                2174-5145
                June 2021
                : 25
                : 2
                : 237-245
                Affiliations
                [1] Punta Arenas Magallanes orgnameUniversidad de Magallanes orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud orgdiv2Área de Nutrición y Dietética, Departamento de Kinesiología Chile
                Article
                S2174-51452021000200237 S2174-5145(21)02500200237
                10.14306/renhyd.25.2.1166
                d3aeea1c-3237-4550-9ce3-ca84378aaf51

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 January 2021
                : 11 October 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 34, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Investigaciones

                Sleep,Feeding Behavior,Exercise,Obesity,Overweight,Estaciones del Año,Sueño,Conducta Alimentaria,Ejercicio Físico,Obesidad,Sobrepeso,Seasons

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