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      Deciphering the role of platelets in severe allergy by an integrative omics approach

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          Abstract

          <p xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="first" id="d2520385e206">Mechanisms causing the onset and perpetuation of inflammation in severe allergic patients remain unknown. Our previous studies suggested that severe allergic inflammation is linked to platelet dysfunction. </p>

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          Platelet activation and platelet-monocyte aggregate formation trigger tissue factor expression in patients with severe COVID-19

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            Airway Remodeling in Asthma

            Asthma is an inflammatory disease of the airways that may result from exposure to allergens or other environmental irritants, resulting in bronchoconstriction, wheezing, and shortness of breath. The structural changes of the airways associated with asthma, broadly referred to as airway remodeling, is a pathological feature of chronic asthma that contributes to the clinical manifestations of the disease. Airway remodeling in asthma constitutes cellular and extracellular matrix changes in the large and small airways, epithelial cell apoptosis, airway smooth muscle cell proliferation, and fibroblast activation. These pathological changes in the airway are orchestrated by crosstalk of different cell types within the airway wall and submucosa. Environmental exposures to dust, chemicals, and cigarette smoke can initiate the cascade of pro-inflammatory responses that trigger airway remodeling through paracrine signaling and mechanostimulatory cues that drive airway remodeling. In this review, we explore three integrated and dynamic processes in airway remodeling: (1) initiation by epithelial cells; (2) amplification by immune cells; and (3) mesenchymal effector functions. Furthermore, we explore the role of inflammaging in the dysregulated and persistent inflammatory response that perpetuates airway remodeling in elderly asthmatics.
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              Genome-wide RNA-seq analysis of human and mouse platelet transcriptomes.

              Inbred mice are a useful tool for studying the in vivo functions of platelets. Nonetheless, the mRNA signature of mouse platelets is not known. Here, we use paired-end next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to characterize the polyadenylated transcriptomes of human and mouse platelets. We report that RNA-seq provides unprecedented resolution of mRNAs that are expressed across the entire human and mouse genomes. Transcript expression and abundance are often conserved between the 2 species. Several mRNAs, however, are differentially expressed in human and mouse platelets. Moreover, previously described functional disparities between mouse and human platelets are reflected in differences at the transcript level, including protease activated receptor-1, protease activated receptor-3, platelet activating factor receptor, and factor V. This suggests that RNA-seq is a useful tool for predicting differences in platelet function between mice and humans. Our next-generation sequencing analysis provides new insights into the human and murine platelet transcriptomes. The sequencing dataset will be useful in the design of mouse models of hemostasis and a catalyst for discovery of new functions of platelets. Access to the dataset is found in the "Introduction."
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                Author and article information

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                Journal
                Allergy
                Allergy
                Wiley
                0105-4538
                1398-9995
                May 2023
                January 12 2023
                May 2023
                : 78
                : 5
                : 1319-1332
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA) Nemesio Díez, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo‐CEU CEU Universities Boadilla del Monte España
                [2 ] National Heart and Lung Institute, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Imperial College NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma London UK
                [3 ] Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia Universidad San Pablo‐CEU, CEU Universities Boadilla del Monte España
                [4 ] Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy Puerta de Hierro‐Majadahonda University Hospital Madrid Spain
                [5 ] Department of Allergy and Immunology Puerta de Hierro‐Majadahonda University Hospital Madrid Spain
                Article
                10.1111/all.15621
                36527294
                d4dd4928-97e5-4530-ae22-ef20c2d971ce
                © 2023

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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