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      Mini-med school for Aboriginal youth: experiential science outreach to tackle systemic barriers

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          Addressing systemic barriers experienced by low-income and minority students to accessing medical school, the University of Calgary's Cumming School of Medicine has spearheaded a year-round, mini-med school outreach initiative for Aboriginal students.

          Method

          Junior and senior high school youth generally attend the half-day program in classes or camps of 15–25, breaking into small groups for multisession activities. Undergraduate medical education students mentor the youth in stations offering experiential lessons in physical examination, reading x-rays, and anatomy. All resources from the medical school are offered in-kind, including a pizza lunch at midday, whereas community partners organize transportation for the attendees.

          Results

          Opening the medical school and its resources to the community offers great benefits to resource-constrained schools often limited in terms of science education resources. The model is also an effort to address challenges among the medical professions around attracting and retaining students from underserved populations.

          Conclusion

          The prospect of increasing admission rates and successful completion of medical education among students from marginalized communities poses a real, though difficult-to-measure, possibility of increasing the workforce most likely to return to and work in such challenging contexts. A mini-medical school for Aboriginal youth highlights mutual, long-term benefit for diverse partners, encouraging medical educators and community-based science educators to explore the possibilities for deepening partnerships in their own regions.

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          Most cited references22

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          Historical trauma in American Indian/Native Alaska communities: a multilevel framework for exploring impacts on individuals, families, and communities.

          Over multiple generations, American Indian communities have endured a succession of traumatic events that have enduring consequences for community members. This article presents a multilevel framework for exploring the impact of historically traumatic events on individuals, families, and communities. The critical connection between historically traumatic events and contemporary stressors is also discussed at length.
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            "Not a university type": focus group study of social class, ethnic, and sex differences in school pupils' perceptions about medical school.

            To investigate what going to medical school means to academically able 14-16 year olds from different ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds in order to understand the wide socioeconomic variation in applications to medical school. Focus group study. Six London secondary schools. 68 academically able and scientifically oriented pupils aged 14-16 years from a wide range of social and ethnic backgrounds. Pupils' perceptions of medical school, motivation to apply, confidence in ability to stay the course, expectations of medicine as a career, and perceived sources of information and support. There were few differences by sex or ethnicity, but striking differences by socioeconomic status. Pupils from lower socioeconomic groups held stereotyped and superficial perceptions of doctors, saw medical school as culturally alien and geared towards "posh" students, and greatly underestimated their own chances of gaining a place and staying the course. They saw medicine as having extrinsic rewards (money) but requiring prohibitive personal sacrifices. Pupils from affluent backgrounds saw medicine as one of a menu of challenging career options with intrinsic rewards (fulfillment, achievement). All pupils had concerns about the costs of study, but only those from poor backgrounds saw costs as constraining their choices. Underachievement by able pupils from poor backgrounds may be more to do with identity, motivation, and the cultural framing of career choices than with low levels of factual knowledge. Policies to widen participation in medical education must go beyond a knowledge deficit model and address the complex social and cultural environment within which individual life choices are embedded.
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              Impact of selection strategies on representation of underserved populations and intention to practise: international findings.

              Socially accountable medical schools aim to reduce health inequalities by training workforces responsive to the priority health needs of underserved communities. One key strategy involves recruiting students from underserved and unequally represented communities on the basis that they may be more likely to return and address local health priorities. This study describes the impacts of different selection strategies of medical schools that aspire to social accountability on the presence of students from underserved communities in their medical education programmes and on student practice intentions.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Med Educ Online
                Med Educ Online
                MEO
                Medical Education Online
                Co-Action Publishing
                1087-2981
                23 December 2015
                2015
                : 20
                : 10.3402/meo.v20.29561
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
                [2 ]Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence to: Rita I. Henderson, Family Medicine and Primary Care Research Office, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, G012, Health Sciences Centre, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada, Email: rihender@ 123456ucalgary.ca

                Responsible Editor: Stephanie Wragg, Roseman University of Health Sciences, USA.

                Article
                29561
                10.3402/meo.v20.29561
                4689949
                26701840
                d501439f-8e5b-4658-af19-7b464c7f2d01
                © 2015 Rita I. Henderson et al.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.

                History
                : 28 August 2015
                : 27 November 2015
                : 30 November 2015
                Categories
                Trend Article

                Education
                indigenous,youth,community engagement,outreach,science education,low-income,minority students
                Education
                indigenous, youth, community engagement, outreach, science education, low-income, minority students

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