Continuous intrathecal baclofen infusion in severe spasticity after traumatic or hypoxic brain injury.

Abstract

Severe spinal spasticity has been shown to be a good indication for continuous intrathecal baclofen infusion (CIBI), but there is only limited experience with this treatment in patients with supraspinal spasticity. Eighteen patients with severe spasticity from traumatic or hypoxic brain injury were treated with CIBI. In all patients spasticity could be reduced significantly. The mean Ashworth score was reduced from 4.5 to 2.33 and the mean Spasm frequency score from 2.16 to 0.94. This reduction of spasticity led to a marked pain reduction. Nursing, perineal care and mobilization became much easier. The complication rate was low. In this series we saw one infection in the pump pocket, one epileptic seizure after a bolus application of baclofen and one spinal catheter displacement. The results are similar to those reported from series of patients with spinal spasticity and correspond to the limited experience we have so far with supraspinal spasticity patients. To prevent limb contractures CIBI should be performed as soon as the patient is in a stable clinical condition after brain injury. Further prospective clinical trials will be necessary to obtain more experience with patients suffering from supraspinal spasticity.